No. 25-581
 
Title: St. Mary Catholic Parish, Littleton, Colorado, et al., Petitioners
v.
Lisa Roy, in Her Official Capacity as Executive Director of the Colorado Department of Early Childhood, et al.
Docketed: November 17, 2025
Lower Ct: United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit
   Case Numbers: (24-1267)
   Decision Date: September 30, 2025
Questions Presented
 
Proceedings and Orders
Nov 13 2025 Petition for a writ of certiorari filed. (Response due December 17, 2025)
Petition Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Dec 03 2025 Brief amici curiae of The Conscience Project, et al. filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Dec 04 2025 Brief amicus curiae of Pacific Justice Institute filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Dec 12 2025 Waiver of St. Mary Catholic Parish in Littleton, et al. of right to respond not accepted for filing. (December 16, 2025)
Dec 12 2025 Waiver of right of respondent Lisa Roy, et al. to respond filed.
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Dec 15 2025 Waiver of Lisa Roy, et al. of right to respond not accepted for filing. (December 16, 2025)
Dec 15 2025 Waiver of St. Mary Catholic Parish in Littleton, et al. of right to respond not accepted for filing. (December 16, 2025)
Dec 15 2025 Brief amicus curiae of Sutherland Institute filed.
Main Document Proof of Service Certificate of Word Count
Dec 17 2025 Brief amicus curiae of Darren Patterson Christian Academy filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Dec 17 2025 Brief amicus curiae of United States Conference of Catholic Bishops filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Dec 17 2025 Brief amici curiae of The Notre Dame Education Law Project, et al, filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Dec 17 2025 Brief amici curiae of EdChoice, Inc., et al. filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Dec 17 2025 Brief amici curiae of National Association of Evangelicals, et al. filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Dec 17 2025 Brief amici curiae of West Virginia, et al. filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Dec 17 2025 Brief amicus curiae of Thomas More Society filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Dec 17 2025 Brief amicus curiae of Center for American Liberty filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Dec 17 2025 Brief amicus curiae of Robertson Center for Constitutional Law filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Dec 17 2025 Brief amicus curiae of Stephanie Barclay filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Dec 17 2025 Brief amicus curiae of Dr. Richard Rogers filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Dec 17 2025 Brief amici curiae of National Legal Foundation, et al. filed.
Main Document Proof of Service Certificate of Word Count
Dec 17 2025 Brief amicus curiae of America's Future filed. (Distributed)
Main Document Proof of Service Certificate of Word Count
Dec 17 2025 Brief amicus curiae of Foundation for Moral Law filed. (Distributed)
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Dec 17 2025 Brief amicus curiae of Colorado Association of Private Schools filed. (Distributed)
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Dec 17 2025 Brief amici curiae of Pioneer New England Legal Foundation, et al. filed. (Distributed)
Main Document Proof of Service Certificate of Word Count
Dec 23 2025 DISTRIBUTED for Conference of 1/9/2026.
Dec 31 2025 Response Requested. (Due January 30, 2026)
Jan 02 2026 Motion to extend the time to file a response from January 30, 2026 to March 2, 2026, submitted to The Clerk.
Main Document
Jan 05 2026 Motion to extend the time to file a response is granted and the time is extended to and including March 2, 2026.
Jan 30 2026 Brief amicus curiae of Protect the First Foundation filed.
Main Document Proof of Service Certificate of Word Count
Jan 30 2026 Brief amicus curiae of United States in support of the petitioners filed.
Main Document Proof of Service
Mar 02 2026 Brief of respondents Lisa Roy, et al. in opposition filed.
Main Document Proof of Service Certificate of Word Count
Mar 16 2026 Reply of petitioners St. Mary Catholic Parish, Littleton, Colorado, et al. filed. (Distributed)
Main Document Proof of Service Certificate of Word Count
Mar 17 2026 DISTRIBUTED for Conference of 4/2/2026.
Apr 13 2026 DISTRIBUTED for Conference of 4/17/2026.
Apr 20 2026 Petition GRANTED limited to Questions 1 and 2 presented by the petition.
May 01 2026 Motion for an extension of time to file the briefs on the merits filed.
Main Document
May 07 2026 Motion to extend the time to file the briefs on the merits granted. The time to file the joint appendix and petitioners' brief on the merits is extended to and including June 25, 2026. The time to file respondents' brief on the merits is extended to and including August 17, 2026.
Jun 25 2026 Brief of petitioners St. Mary Catholic Parish in Littleton, et al. filed.
Main Document Proof of Service Certificate of Word Count
Jun 25 2026 Joint appendix (3 volumes and a supplemental volume) filed. (Statement of costs filed)
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Jun 26 2026 Brief amici curiae of World Faith Foundation, et al. filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Jun 26 2026 Brief amici curiae of National Legal Foundation, et al. filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Jun 29 2026 Brief amici curiae of The Conscience Project, et al. filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Jul 01 2026 Brief amicus curiae of Sutherland Institute filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Certificate of Word Count
Jul 01 2026 Brief amici curiae of Pioneer New England Legal Foundation, et al. filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Jul 01 2026 Brief amicus curiae of Liberty Counsel filed.
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Jul 02 2026 Brief amicus curiae of United States filed.
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Jul 02 2026 Brief amicus curiae of Dr. Richard Rogers filed.
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Jul 02 2026 Brief amici curiae of EdChoice, Inc., et al. filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Jul 02 2026 Brief amici curiae of Council for Christian Colleges & Universities, et al. filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Jul 02 2026 Brief amici curiae of National Association of Evangelicals, et al. filed.
Main Document Proof of Service Certificate of Word Count
Jul 02 2026 Brief amici curiae of Stephanie Barclay, et al. filed.
Main Document Proof of Service Certificate of Word Count
Jul 02 2026 Brief amicus curiae of Darren Patterson Christian Academy filed.
Main Document Proof of Service Certificate of Word Count
Jul 02 2026 Brief amicus curiae of Robertson Center for Constitutional Law filed.
Main Document Proof of Service Certificate of Word Count
Jul 02 2026 Brief amici curiae of America's Future, et al. filed.
Main Document Proof of Service Certificate of Word Count
Jul 02 2026 Brief amicus curiae of Thomas More Society filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Jul 02 2026 Brief amici curiae of Fellowship of Christian Athletes, et al. filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Jul 02 2026 Brief amicus curiae of Protect the First Foundation filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Jul 02 2026 Brief amicus curiae of Crosspoint Church filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Jul 02 2026 Brief amicus curiae of United States Conference of Catholic Bishops filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Jul 02 2026 Brief amicus curiae of LiMandri & Jonna LLP filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Jul 02 2026 Brief amici curiae of Professor Douglas Laycock, et al. filed.
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Jul 02 2026 Brief amicus curiae of Center for American Liberty filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Jul 02 2026 Brief amici curiae of Notre Dame Education Law Project, et al. filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Jul 02 2026 Brief amicus curiae of Catholic League for Religious and Civil Rights filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Jul 02 2026 Brief amici curiae of American Center for Law and Justice, et al. filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Jul 02 2026 Brief amici curiae of 43 Members of Congress filed.
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Jul 02 2026 Brief amici curiae of West Virginia, et al. filed.
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Jul 02 2026 Brief amicus curiae of The Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations of America filed.
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Attorneys
Attorneys for Petitioners
Eric Christopher Rassbach
Counsel of Record
The Becket Fund for Religious Liberty
1919 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW
Suite 400
Washington, DC 20006

erassbach@becketfund.org
Ph: 2029550095
Party name: St. Mary Catholic Parish in Littleton, et al.


Attorneys for Respondents
Helen Norton
Counsel of Record
Colorado Department of Law
1300 Broadway, 10th Floor
Denver, CO 80203

helen.norton@coag.gov
Ph: (720) 508-6000
Party name: Lisa Roy, et al.


Other Attorneys
D. John Sauer
Counsel of Record
Solicitor General
United States Department of Justice
950 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW
Washington, DC 20530-0001

SUPREMECTBRIEFS@USDOJ.GOV
Ph: 202-514-2217
Party name: United States


Frank Joseph Bailey
Counsel of Record
Pioneer Legal, LLC
185 Devonshire Street
Boston, MA 02110

frank.bailey@pioneerlegal.org
Ph: 6178779511
Party name: Pioneer New England Legal Foundation and Massachusetts Family Institute


Thomas L. Brejcha Jr.
Counsel of Record
Thomas More Society
121 W. Wacker St.
Suite 650
Chicago, IL 60601

tbrejcha@thomasmoresociety.org
Ph: 3127821680
Party name: Thomas More Society


John J. Bursch
Counsel of Record
Alliance Defending Freedom
440 First Street NW
Suite 600
Washington, DC 20001

jbursch@adflegal.org
Ph: (616) 450-4235
Party name: Darren Patterson Christian Academy


Frederick W. Claybrook Jr.
Counsel of Record
Claybrook, LLC
655 Fifteenth St., NW, Ste. 425
Washington, DC 20005

rick@claybrooklaw.com
Ph: 301-622-0360
Party name: The National Legal Foundation, Illinois Family Institute, Wisconsin Family Action, Delaware Family Policy Council, Concerned Women for America, Chaplain Alliance for Religious Liberty, and International Conference of Evangelical Chaplain Endorsers


Gina Michele D'Andrea
Counsel of Record
America First Policy Institute
1455 Pennsylvania Ave NW, Suite 255
Washington, DC 20004

gdandrea@americafirstpolicy.com
Ph: (703) 637-3690
Party name: Dr. Richard Rogers


Joshua Wallace Dixon
Counsel of Record
Center for American Liberty
2145 14th Avenue, Suite 8
Vero Beach, FL 32960

jdixon@libertycenter.org
Ph: 7036876200
Party name: Center for American Liberty


William C. Duncan
Counsel of Record
420 E South Temple, Suite 510
Salt Lake City, UT 84111

bill@sifreedom.org
Ph: 801-355-1272
Party name: Sutherland Institute


John Allen Eidsmoe
Counsel of Record
Foundation for Moral Law
P.O. Box 148
Gallant, AL 35972

eidsmoeja@juno.com
Ph: 3342621245
Party name: Foundation for Moral Law


Daniel Jacob Feith
Counsel of Record
Sidley Austin LLP
1501 K Street NW
Washington, DC 20005

dfeith@sidley.com
Ph: 202-736-8000
Party name: The Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations


Thomas M. Fisher
Counsel of Record
EdChoice, Inc.
111 Monument Circle
Suite 2650
Indianapolis, IN 46204

tfisher@edchoice.org
Ph: 317-681-0745
Party name: EdChoice Legal Advocates


Kevin Michael Gallagher
Counsel of Record
Wilmer Cutler Pickering Hale and Dorr LLP
2100 Pennsylvania Avenue NW
Washington, DC 20037

kevin.gallagher@wilmerhale.com
Ph: (202) 663-6000
Party name: 43 Members of Congress


Matthew Steven Gregory
Counsel of Record
Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP
1700 M Street, NW
Washington, DC 20036

mgregory@gibsondunn.com
Ph: 202.955-8500
Party name: Stephanie Barclay


Richard Shawn Gunnarson
Counsel of Record
Kirton McConkie
Key Bank Tower
36 South State Street, Suite 1900
Salt Lake City, UT 84111

SGUNNARSON@KMCLAW.COM
Ph: 801-328-3600
Party name: National Association of Evangelicals, et al.


Laura Brown Hernandez
Counsel of Record
Robertson Center for Constitutional Law
1000 Regent Univ. Drive
Virginia Beach, VA 23464

lhernandez@regent.edu
Ph: 7573524000
Party name: Robertson Center for Constitutional Law


James L. Hirsen
Counsel of Record
505 S. Villa Real
Suite 101
Anaheim, CA 92807

james@jameshirsen.com
Ph: 714-283-8880
Party name: World Faith Foundation and NC Values Institute


Paul Richard Johnson
Pioneer New England Legal Foundation
185 Devonshire St., Suite 1101
Boston, MA 02110

paul.johnson@pioneerlegal.org
Ph: 6178191010
Party name: Pioneer New England Legal Foundation and Massachusetts Family Institute


Meredith Holland Kessler
Counsel of Record
Lindsay & Matt Moroun Religious Liberty Clinic
1338 Biolchini Hall of Law
Notre Dame, IN 46556

mhollan4@nd.edu
Ph: 5746318722
Party name: The Notre Dame Education Law Project, Islam And Religious Freedom Action Team, Jewish Coalition For Religious Liberty, And Manhattan Institute


Steven Paul Lehotsky
Counsel of Record
Lehotsky Cohn LLP
200 Massachusetts Avenue NW
Washington, DC 20001

steve@lehotskycohn.com
Ph: 5126938350
Party name: United States Conference of Catholic Bishops


Steven T. McFarland
Counsel of Record
Center For Law & Religious Freedom
8001 Braddock Rd
Suite 302
Springfiel, VA 22151

smcfarland@clsnet.org
Ph: 7038941087
Party name: Professors Douglas Laycock, Berg, and Lund and Christian Legal Society


John Archer Meiser
Lindsay and Matt Moroun Religious Liberty Clinic
Notre Dame Law School
1338 Biolchini Hall
Notre Dame, IN 46556

JMEISER@ND.EDU
Ph: 574-631-3880
Party name: The Notre Dame Education Law Project, Islam And Religious Freedom Action Team, Jewish Coalition For Religious Liberty, And Manhattan Institute


Christopher E. Mills
Counsel of Record
Spero Law LLC
557 East Bay Street #22251
Charleston, SC 29413

cmills@spero.law
Ph: 8436060640
Party name: Fellowship of Christian Athletes, the Navigators, Campus Crusade for Christ, Inc., InterVarsity Christian Fellowship/USA, Young Life, and Chi Alpha Campus Ministries


Laura Darien Nammo
Center for Law & Religious Freedom
8001 Braddock Rd. Suite 302
Springfield, VA 22151

laura@clsnet.org
Ph: 7038621819
Party name: Professors Laycock, Berg, and Lund and Christian Legal Society


William Jeffrey Olson
Counsel of Record
William J. Olson, P.C.
370 Maple Ave. W., Suite 4
Vienna, VA 22180

WJO@MINDSPRING.COM
Ph: 7033565070
Party name: America's Future, Public Advocate of the United States, Public Advocate Foundation, U.S. Constitutional Rights Legal Defense Fund, and Conservative Legal Defense and Education Fund


William Jeffrey Olson
Counsel of Record
William J. Olson, P.C.
370 Maple Ave. W., Suite 4
Vienna, VA 22180

WJO@MINDSPRING.COM
Ph: 7033565070
Party name: America's Future


Andrea Marie Picciotti-Bayer
Counsel of Record
1350 Beverly Road, Suite 115
McLean, VA 22101

amariepicciotti@gmail.com
Ph: 5712016564
Party name: The Conscience Project and Catholic Families


Gene Clayton Schaerr
Counsel of Record
Schaerr | Jaffe
1717 K Street NW, Suite 900
Washington, DC 20006

GSCHAERR@SCHAERR-JAFFE.COM
Ph: 202-787-1060
Party name: Protect the First Foundation


Jay Alan Sekulow
Counsel of Record
American Center for Law and Justice
201 Maryland Avenue, N.E.
Washington, DC 20002

sekulow@aclj.org
Ph: 2025468890
Party name: American Center for Law and Justice, Advocates for Faith and Freedom, Calvary Chapel San Jose, and Pastor Mike McClure


Shawn Toomey Sheehy
Counsel of Record
FisherBroyles, LLP
1200 G Street NW
Suite 800
Washington, DC 20005

shawn.sheehy@fisherbroyles.com
Ph: 2022580741
Party name: The Catholic League for Religious and Civil Rights


Kevin T. Snider
Counsel of Record
9851 Horn Rd., Ste. 115
Sacramento, CA 95827

ksnider@pji.org
Ph: (916) 857-6900
Party name: Pacific Justice Institute


Ian Seth Speir
Counsel of Record
Covenant Law PLLC
13395 Voyager Pkwy.
#130-732
Colorado Springs, CO 80921

ian@covtlaw.com
Ph: 7194647357
Party name: Colorado Association of Private Schools


Mathew D. Staver
Counsel of Record
109 Second St., NE
Washington, DC 20002

COURT@LC.ORG
Ph: (202) 289-1776
Party name: Liberty Counsel


Patrick Strawbridge
Counsel of Record
Consovoy McCarthy PLLC
10 Post Office Square
8th Floor PMB #706
Boston, MA 02109

PATRICK@CONSOVOYMCCARTHY.COM
Ph: 6172270548
Party name: Crosspoint Church


Jeffrey Michael Trissell
LiMandri & Jonna LLP
P.O. Box 9120
Rancho Santa Fe, CA 92067

JTRISSELL@LIMANDRI.COM
Ph: 8587599930
Party name: LiMandri & Jonna LLP


Michael Ray Williams
Counsel of Record
Office of the West Virginia Attorney General
State Capitol Complex, Bldg. 1, Rm E-26
1900 Kanawha Blvd. E
Charleston, WV 25305

mwilliams@wvago.gov
Ph: 304-558-2021
Party name: West Virginia and 21 Other States


Philip Daniel Williamson
Counsel of Record
Taft Stettinius & Hollister LLP
301 East Fourth Street, Suite 2800
Cincinnati, OH 45202

pwilliamson@taftlaw.com
Ph: 5133812838
Party name: Council for Christian Colleges & Universities, et al.