No. 25-417
 
Title: Francis Nielsen, Petitioner
v.
Kekai Watanabe
Docketed: October 7, 2025
Linked with: 25A208
Lower Ct: United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
   Case Numbers: (23-15605)
   Decision Date: September 6, 2024
   Rehearing Denied: June 5, 2025
Questions Presented
 
Proceedings and Orders
Aug 19 2025 Application (25A208) to extend the time to file a petition for a writ of certiorari from September 3, 2025 to October 3, 2025, submitted to Justice Kagan.
Main Document Lower Court Orders/Opinions Proof of Service
Aug 21 2025 Application (25A208) granted by Justice Kagan extending the time to file until October 3, 2025.
Oct 03 2025 Petition for a writ of certiorari filed. (Response due November 6, 2025)
Petition Appendix Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Oct 29 2025 Motion to extend the time to file a response from November 6, 2025 to January 5, 2026, submitted to The Clerk.
Main Document
Oct 31 2025 Motion to extend the time to file a response is granted and the time is extended to and including January 5, 2026.
Jan 05 2026 Brief of respondent Kekai Watanabe in opposition filed.
Main Document Proof of Service Certificate of Word Count
Jan 20 2026 Reply of petitioner Francis Nielsen filed. (Distributed)
Main Document Proof of Service Certificate of Word Count
Jan 21 2026 DISTRIBUTED for Conference of 2/20/2026.
Feb 13 2026 Supplemental brief of petitioner Francis Nielsen filed. (Distributed)
Main Document Proof of Service Certificate of Word Count
Feb 17 2026 Supplemental brief of respondent Kekai Watanabe filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Feb 19 2026 Rescheduled.
Feb 23 2026 DISTRIBUTED for Conference of 2/27/2026.
Feb 24 2026 Rescheduled.
May 05 2026 Supplemental brief of petitioner Francis Nielsen filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
May 15 2026 Supplemental brief of respondent Kekai Watanabe filed.
Main Document Proof of Service Certificate of Word Count
May 26 2026 DISTRIBUTED for Conference of 6/11/2026.
Jun 15 2026 DISTRIBUTED for Conference of 6/18/2026.
Jun 22 2026 Petition GRANTED.
Jul 27 2026 Motion for an extension of time to file the briefs on the merits filed.
Main Document
Jul 28 2026 Motion to dispense with printing the joint appendix filed by petitioner Francis Nielsen.
Main Document Proof of Service
Jul 29 2026 Motion to extend the time to file the briefs on the merits granted. The time to file the joint appendix and petitioner's brief on the merits is extended to and including August 14, 2026. The time to file respondent's brief on the merits is extended to and including September 23, 2026.
Aug 11 2026 SET FOR ARGUMENT on Monday, November 9, 2026.
Aug 14 2026 Brief of petitioner Francis Nielsen filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Aug 21 2026 Brief amicus curiae of United States filed.
Main Document Proof of Service
Aug 21 2026 Brief amicus curiae of Elaine Mittleman filed.
Main Document Proof of Service Certificate of Word Count
Aug 21 2026 Brief amici curiae of Missouri, et al. filed.
Main Document Proof of Service Certificate of Word Count
Aug 25 2026 Record requested from the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit.
Aug 25 2026 Record received from the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit. The record is electronic and is available on PACER.
Aug 27 2026 CIRCULATED
Aug 31 2026 Motion of the Solicitor General for leave to participate in oral argument as amicus curiae and for divided argument filed.
Main Document Proof of Service
Sep 04 2026 Motion to dispense with printing the joint appendix filed by petitioner GRANTED.
Sep 23 2026 Brief of respondent Kekai Watanabe filed. (Distributed)
Main Document Proof of Service Certificate of Word Count
Sep 30 2026 Amicus brief of Cato Institute submitted.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Sep 30 2026 Amicus brief of Constitutional Accountability Center submitted.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Sep 30 2026 Amicus brief of Professor Stephen I. Vladeck submitted.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Sep 30 2026 Amicus brief of Institute for Justice submitted.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Sep 30 2026 Amicus brief of Roderick & Solange MacArthur Justice Center and Prison Policy Initiative submitted.
Main Document Proof of Service Certificate of Word Count Other
Sep 30 2026 Amicus brief of American Civil Liberties Union, American Civil Liberties Union of the District of Columbia, and American Civil Liberties Union of Hawaiʻi Foundation submitted.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Sep 30 2026 Amicus brief of Professors James E. Pfander and Alexander A. Reinert submitted.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Sep 30 2026 Amicus brief of Dee Deidre Farmer, National Trans Bar Association, and Bay Area Lawyers for Individual Freedom submitted.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Sep 30 2026 Amicus brief of Medical Justice Alliance, Medical Justice Alliance-Massachusetts, Georgia Human Rights Clinic, Chicago Medical Legal Collaborative, and Stop Criminalization of Our Patients submitted.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Sep 30 2026 Amicus brief of Neutral Principles; Project for Privacy & Surveillance Accountability, Inc. submitted.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Attorneys
Attorneys for Petitioner
Jeffrey Alan Lamken
Counsel of Record
MoloLamken LLP
The Watergate, Suite 500
600 New Hampshire Ave., N.W.
Washington, DC 20037

JLAMKEN@MOLOLAMKEN.COM
Ph: 2025562000
Party name: Francis Nielsen


Lucas Michael Walker
MoloLamken LLP
600 New Hampshire Avenue, N.W.
Suite 500
Washington, DC 20037

lwalker@mololamken.com
Ph: 2025562014
Party name: Francis Nielsen


Attorneys for Respondent
Joshua Morgan Wesneski
Counsel of Record
Weil, Gotshal & Manges LLP
2001 M Street NW
Washington, DC 20036

joshua.wesneski@weil.com
Ph: (202) 682-7000
Party name: Kekai Watanabe


Other Attorneys
Brandon Lee Boxler
Counsel of Record
Klein Thomas Lee & Fresard
1051 E. Cary Street
Suite 1430
Richmond, VA 23219

brandon.boxler@kleinthomaslaw.com
Ph: 2024591103
Party name: Professor Stephen I. Vladeck


Matthew P. Cavedon
Counsel of Record
Cato Institute
1000 Massachusetts Ave. NW
Washington, DC 20001

mcavedon@cato.org
Ph: 706-309-2859
Party name: Cato Institute


Gregory Cui
Counsel of Record
Roderick & Solange MacArthur Justice Center
501 H Street NE, Suite 275
Washington, DC 20002

gregory.cui@macarthurjustice.org
Ph: 2028693434
Party name: Roderick & Solange MacArthur Justice Center and Prison Policy Initiative


Brianne Jenna Gorod
Counsel of Record
Constitutional Accountability Center
1730 Rhode Island Ave. NW
Suite 1200
Washington, DC 20036

BRIANNE@THEUSCONSTITUTION.ORG
Ph: 202 296 6889
Party name: Constitutional Accountability Center


Erik S. Jaffe
Counsel of Record
Schaerr | Jaffe LLP
1717 K Street, N.W., Suite 900
Washington, DC 20006

EJAFFE@SCHAERR-JAFFE.COM
Ph: 202-787-1060
Party name: Neutral Principles; Project for Privacy & Surveillance Accountability, Inc.


Scott Michelman
Counsel of Record
ACLU of the District of Columbia
529 14th St. NW, Suite 420
Washington, DC 20045

smichelman@acludc.org
Ph: 202-601-4267
Party name: American Civil Liberties Union, American Civil Liberties Union of the District of Columbia, and American Civil Liberties Union of Hawaiʻi Foundation


Mary Kelly Persyn
Counsel of Record
Persyn Law & Policy
912 Cole Street, PMB 124
San Francisco, CA 94117

marykelly@persynlaw.com
Ph: (628) 400-1254
Party name: Dee Deidre Farmer, National Trans Bar Association, and Bay Area Lawyers for Individual Freedom


D. John Sauer
Counsel of Record
Solicitor General
United States Department of Justice
950 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW
Washington, DC 20530-0001

SUPREMECTBRIEFS@USDOJ.GOV
Ph: 202-514-2217
Party name: United States


Jaba Tsitsuashvili
Counsel of Record
Institute for Justice
901 North Glebe Road, Suite 900
Arlington, VA 22203

jtsitsuashvili@ij.org
Ph: (703) 682-9320
Party name: Institute for Justice


Andrew Timothy Tutt
Counsel of Record
Trial Lawyers for Justice
421 W. Water Street
Decorah, IA 52101

ANDREW@TL4J.COM
Ph: 866-854-5529
Party name: Professors James E. Pfander and Alexander A. Reinert


Collin Partington Wedel
Counsel of Record
Sidley Austin LLP
350 South Grand Avenue
Los Angeles, CA 90071

CWEDEL@SIDLEY.COM
Ph: 213-896-6000
Party name: Medical Justice Alliance, Medical Justice Alliance-Massachusetts, Georgia Human Rights Clinic, Chicago Medical Legal Collaborative, and Stop Criminalization of Our Patients


Louis Joseph Capozzi III
Counsel of Record
Missouri Attorney General
815 Olive Street Suite 200
St Louis, MO 63101

Louis.Capozzi@ago.mo.gov
Ph: (573) 645-9662
Party name: State of Missouri and Eighteen other States as Amicus Curiae


Elaine Elsner Mittleman
Counsel of Record
300 Main Street
Suite 2A
Evansville, IN 47708

elainemittleman@msn.com
Ph: 2022972338
Party name: Elaine Mittleman