No. 24-297
 
Title: Tamer Mahmoud, et al., Petitioners
v.
Thomas W. Taylor, et al.
Docketed: September 16, 2024
Linked with: 24A94
Lower Ct: United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit
   Case Numbers: (23-1890)
   Decision Date: May 15, 2024
Questions Presented
 
Proceedings and Orders
Jul 24 2024 Application (24A94) to extend the time to file a petition for a writ of certiorari from August 13, 2024 to September 12, 2024, submitted to The Chief Justice.
Main Document Lower Court Orders/Opinions Proof of Service
Jul 26 2024 Application (24A94) granted by The Chief Justice extending the time to file until September 12, 2024.
Sep 12 2024 Petition for a writ of certiorari filed. (Response due October 16, 2024)
Petition Appendix Proof of Service Certificate of Word Count
Oct 04 2024 Brief amici curiae of Advancing American Freedom, et al. filed.
Main Document Proof of Service Certificate of Word Count
Oct 14 2024 Brief amici curiae of Professor S. Ernie Walton, et al. filed. (Distributed)
Main Document Proof of Service Certificate of Word Count
Oct 14 2024 Brief amici curiae of Douglas Laycock, et al. filed. (Distributed)
Main Document Proof of Service Certificate of Word Count
Oct 14 2024 Brief amicus curiae of Christian Legal Society filed. (Distributed)
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Oct 15 2024 Waiver of right of respondent Thomas Taylor, et al. to respond filed.
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Oct 15 2024 Brief amici curiae of Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, et al. filed. (Distributed)
Main Document Proof of Service Certificate of Word Count
Oct 16 2024 DISTRIBUTED for Conference of 11/1/2024.
Oct 16 2024 Brief amici curiae of West Virginia, et al. filed.
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Oct 16 2024 Brief amici curiae of Protect the First Foundation, et al. filed.
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Oct 16 2024 Brief amicus curiae of NC Values Institute filed.
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Oct 16 2024 Brief amici curiae of America's Future, et al. filed.
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Oct 16 2024 Brief amicus curiae of America First Legal Foundation filed.
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Oct 16 2024 Brief amici curiae of Parents Nicholas Brown, et al. filed.
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Oct 17 2024 Response Requested. (Due November 18, 2024)
Oct 21 2024 Motion to extend the time to file a response from November 18, 2024 to December 18, 2024, submitted to The Clerk.
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Oct 24 2024 Motion to extend the time to file a response is granted and the time is extended to and including December 18, 2024.
Dec 18 2024 Brief of respondents Thomas Taylor, et al. in opposition filed.
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Dec 20 2024 Waiver of the 14-day waiting period for the distribution of the petition pursuant to Rule 15.5 filed by petitioners.
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Dec 24 2024 DISTRIBUTED for Conference of 1/10/2025.
Dec 27 2024 Reply of petitioners Tamer Mahmoud, et al. filed. (Distributed)
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Jan 13 2025 DISTRIBUTED for Conference of 1/17/2025.
Jan 17 2025 Petition GRANTED.
Feb 24 2025 SET FOR ARGUMENT on Tuesday, April 22, 2025.
Feb 26 2025 Record requested from the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit.
Feb 26 2025 Record received from the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit. The record is electronic and is available on PACER.
Feb 28 2025 Brief amici curiae of Jaco Booyens Ministries, et al. filed.
Main Document Proof of Service Certificate of Word Count
Mar 03 2025 Brief of Tamer Mahmoud, et al. not accepted for filing. (March 04, 2025--Reprinted brief and PDF submitted.)
Mar 03 2025 Brief of petitioners Tamer Mahmoud, et al. filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Mar 03 2025 Joint appendix filed. (Statement of costs filed)
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Mar 05 2025 Brief amicus curiae of LONANG Institute filed.
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Mar 07 2025 Brief amicus curiae of Americans for Prosperity Foundation filed.
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Mar 10 2025 Brief amicus curiae of United States filed.
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Mar 10 2025 Brief amici curiae of Our Duty–USA and Partners for Ethical Care filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Mar 10 2025 Brief amici curiae of 66 Members of Congress filed.
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Mar 10 2025 Brief amici curiae of Muslim Parents, et al. filed.
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Mar 10 2025 Brief amicus curiae of America First Legal Foundation filed.
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Mar 10 2025 Brief amici curiae of State of West Virginia, et al. filed.
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Mar 10 2025 Brief amici curiae of 35 Maryland Legislators filed.
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Mar 10 2025 Brief amici curiae of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, et al. filed.
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Mar 10 2025 Brief amicus curiae of Legal Insurrection Foundation filed.
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Mar 10 2025 Brief amicus curiae of Sutherland Institute filed.
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Mar 10 2025 Brief amici curiae of AASA, The School Superintendents Association, et al. supporting neither party filed.
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Mar 10 2025 Brief amici curiae of Protect Our Kids (California), et al. filed.
Main Document Proof of Service Certificate of Word Count
Mar 10 2025 Brief amicus curiae of Ethics and Public Policy Center filed.
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Mar 10 2025 Brief amicus curiae of Women's Liberation Front filed.
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Mar 10 2025 Brief amicus curiae of Parents Defending Education filed.
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Mar 10 2025 Brief amici curiae of Maryland Family Institute, et al. filed.
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Mar 10 2025 Brief amicus curiae of Center for American Liberty filed.
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Mar 10 2025 Brief amici curiae of National Religious Broadcasters, et al. filed.
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Mar 10 2025 Brief amici curiae of Professors S. Ernie Walton, et al. filed.
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Mar 10 2025 Brief amici curiae of Defense of Freedom Institute For Policy Studies, et al. filed.
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Mar 10 2025 Brief amicus curiae of Tammy Fournier filed.
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Mar 10 2025 Brief amicus curiae of Melissa Moschella, Ph.D. filed.
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Mar 10 2025 Brief amicus curiae of Liberty Counsel filed.
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Mar 10 2025 Brief amicus curiae of American Center for Law and Justice filed.
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Mar 10 2025 Brief amici curiae of Christian Legal Society, et al. filed.
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Mar 10 2025 Brief amici curiae of Law Professors filed.
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Mar 10 2025 Brief amici curiae of Parent Nicholas Brown, et al. filed.
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Mar 10 2025 Brief amici curiae of Professor Douglas Laycock, et al. filed.
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Mar 10 2025 Brief amicus curiae of Foundation for Moral Law filed.
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Mar 10 2025 Brief amici curiae of NC Values Institute, et al. filed.
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Mar 10 2025 Brief amicus curiae of Nathan Lewin filed.
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Mar 10 2025 Brief amicus curiae of Independence Law Center filed.
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Mar 10 2025 Brief amici curiae of America's Future, et al. filed.
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Mar 10 2025 Brief amici curiae of Manhattan Institute, et al. filed.
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Mar 10 2025 Brief amici curiae of Advancing American Freedom, et al. filed.
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Mar 10 2025 Brief amicus curiae of California Parents for the Equalization of Educational Materials in support of neither party filed. VIDED.
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Mar 10 2025 Brief amici curiae of America's Frontline Doctors, et al. filed.
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Mar 17 2025 Motion of the Acting Solicitor General for leave to participate in oral argument as amicus curiae and for divided argument filed.
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Mar 19 2025 CIRCULATED
Apr 02 2025 Brief of respondents Thomas W. Taylor, et al. filed. (Distributed)
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Apr 09 2025 Brief amici curiae of Religious and Civil-Rights Organizations filed. (Distributed)
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Apr 09 2025 Brief amicus curiae of Interfaith Alliance filed. (Distributed)
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Apr 09 2025 Brief amicus curiae of Coalition for Responsible Home Education filed. (Distributed)
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Apr 09 2025 Brief amici curiae of Montgomery County Faith Leaders filed. (Distributed)
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Apr 09 2025 Brief amici curiae of Maryland, et al. filed. (Distributed)
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Apr 09 2025 Brief amici curiae of Muslim Organizations filed. (Distributed)
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Apr 09 2025 Brief amici curiae of Authors Guild, Inc., et al. filed. (Distributed)
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Apr 09 2025 Brief amici curiae of Constitutional Scholars filed. (Distributed)
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Apr 09 2025 Brief amici curiae of National Education Association, et al. filed. (Distributed)
Main Document Proof of Service Certificate of Word Count
Apr 09 2025 Brief amici curiae of American Civil Liberties Union, et al. filed. (Distributed)
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Apr 09 2025 Brief amici curiae of Leadership Conference Education Fund, et al. filed. (Distributed)
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Apr 09 2025 Brief amici curiae of Professor Lawrence G. Sager, et al. filed. (Distributed)
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Apr 09 2025 Brief amici curiae of American Psychological Association, et al. filed. (Distributed)
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Apr 09 2025 Brief amici curiae of American Atheists, Inc., et al. filed. (Distributed)
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Apr 09 2025 Brief amici curiae of Scholars for the Advancement of Children's Constitutional Rights, et al. filed. (Distributed)
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Apr 09 2025 Brief amici curiae of GLBTQ Legal Advocates and Defenders, et al. filed. (Distributed)
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Apr 09 2025 Brief amicus curiae of PEN American Center, Inc. filed. (Distributed)
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Apr 09 2025 Brief amici curiae of Justin Driver, et al. filed. (Distributed)
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Apr 09 2025 Brief amicus curiae of Freedom From Religion Foundation filed. (Distributed)
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Apr 09 2025 Brief amicus curiae of Robert D. Kamenshine filed. (Distributed)
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Apr 09 2025 Brief amici curiae of Lebo Pride, et al. filed. (Distributed)
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Apr 11 2025 Reply of petitioners Tamer Mahmoud, et al. filed. (Distributed)
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Apr 17 2025 Motion of the Solicitor General for leave to participate in oral argument as amicus curiae and for divided argument GRANTED.
Apr 22 2025 Argued. For petitioners: Eric S. Baxter, Washington, D. C.; and Sarah M. Harris, Principal Deputy Solicitor General, Department of Justice, Washington, D. C. (for United States, as amicus curiae.) For respondents: Alan E. Schoenfeld, New York, N. Y.
Jun 27 2025 Judgment REVERSED and case REMANDED. Alito, J., delivered the opinion of the Court, in which Roberts, C. J., and Thomas, Gorsuch, Kavanaugh, and Barrett, JJ., joined. Thomas, J., filed a concurring opinion. Sotomayor, J., filed a dissenting opinion, in which Kagan and Jackson, JJ., joined.
Jul 29 2025 Judgment Issued.
Main Document
Attorneys
Attorneys for Petitioners
Eric S. Baxter
Counsel of Record
The Becket Fund for Religious Liberty
1919 Pennsylvania Ave. NW
Suite 400
Washington, DC 20006

ebaxter@becketlaw.org
Ph: 202-955-0095
Party name: Tamer Mahmoud, et al.


Attorneys for Respondents
Alan Evan Schoenfeld
Counsel of Record
Wilmer, Cutler, Pickering, Hale and Dorr, LLP
7 World Trade Center
250 Greenwich Street
New York, NY 10007

alan.schoenfeld@wilmerhale.com
Ph: (212) 230-8800
Party name: Thomas Taylor, et al.


Other Attorneys
Helen M. Alvare
Counsel of Record
George Mason University School of Law
3301 Fairfax Drive
Arlington, VA 22201

halvare@gmu.edu
Ph: 3012761492
Party name: Maryland Family Institute, Hawaii Family Forum, Alabama Policy Institute, Massachusetts Family Institute, Alaska Family Council, Center for Christian Virtue (Ohio), Nebraska Family Alliance, New York Families Foundation, The Family Foundation (Virginia), The Family Foundation (Kentucky), Kansas Family Voice, and Louisiana Family Forum


Jessica Ring Amunson
Counsel of Record
Jenner & Block LLP
1099 New York Avenue NW
Suite 900
Washington, DC 20001

JAMUNSON@JENNER.COM
Ph: 202-639-6000
Party name: American Psychological Association, American Counseling Association


Z. Gabriel Arkles
Counsel of Record
Advocates for Trans Equality Education Fund
520 8th Ave Suite 2204
New York, NY 10018

garkles@transequality.org
Ph: 646-862-9396
Party name: Muslim Organizations


Geoffrey Thomas Blackwell
Counsel of Record
American Atheists, Inc.
PO Box 58637
Philadelphia, PA 19102

LEGAL@ATHEISTS.ORG
Ph: (908) 276-7300
Party name: American Atheists, Secular Student Alliance, Secular Coalition for America


Mary L. Bonauto
Counsel of Record
GLBTQ Legal Advocates & Defenders
18 Tremont Street Suite 950
Boston, MA 02108

mbonauto@glad.org
Ph: 617-388-5521
Party name: GLBTQ Legal Advocates and Defenders, The National Center for Lesbian Rights, Human Rights Campaign, Family Equality, COLAGE, FreeState Justice Inc., GLSEN, and The Trevor Project


Thomas L. Brejcha Jr.
Counsel of Record
Thomas More Society
309 West Washington Street, Suite 1250
Chicago, IL 60606

tbrejcha@thomasmoresociety.org
Ph: (312) 782-1680
Party name: Protect Our Kids (California), Colorado Parents Advocacy Network, Protect Ohio Children Coalition, Nebraskans for Founders’ Values and Texas Education 911


John J. Bursch
Counsel of Record
Alliance Defending Freedom
440 First Street NW
Suite 600
Washington, DC 20001

jbursch@adflegal.org
Ph: (616) 450-4235
Party name: Tammy Fournier


Frederick W. Claybrook Jr.
Counsel of Record
Claybrook, LLC
655 Fifteenth St., NW, Ste. 425
Washington, DC 20005

rick@claybrooklaw.com
Ph: 301-622-0360
Party name: Parents Nicholas Brown, Zeina El Debs, Timothy Janss, Dagmar Janss, and Stephanie Pate


Steven Timothy Collis
Counsel of Record
University of Texas Law
727 East Dean Keeton Street
Austin , TX 78705

STEVEN.COLLIS@LAW.UTEXAS.EDU
Ph: 512-475-9090
Party name: Muslim Parents, Sheikhs, and Imams


John Michael Connolly
Counsel of Record
Consovoy McCarthy PLLC
1600 Wilson Blvd
Suite 700
Arlington, VA 22209

MIKE@CONSOVOYMCCARTHY.COM
Ph: 7032439423
Party name: Parents Defending Education


Cynthia Fleming Crawford
Counsel of Record
Americans for Prosperity Foundation
4201 Wilson Blvd.
Suite 1000
Arlington, VA 22203

CCRAWFORD@AFPHQ.ORG
Ph: 5713292227
Party name: Americans for Prosperity Foundation


Elspeth Benten Cypher
Counsel of Record
Women's Liberation Front
1802 Vernon Street NW #2036
Washington, DC 20009

elspeth@womensliberationfront.org
Ph: (202) 507-9475
Party name: Women's Liberation Front


David Anthony Dalia
Counsel of Record
David A. Dalia
Attorney at Law
700 Camp Street
New Orleans, LA 70130

davidadalia@gmail.com
Ph: 504-524-5541
Party name: America's Frontline Doctors


Donald A. Daugherty Jr.
Counsel of Record
Defense of Freedom Institute For Policy Studies
1455 Pennsylvania Avenue NW
Suite 400
Washington , DC 20004

don.daugherty@dfipolicy.org
Ph: 4145596902
Party name: Defense of Freedom Institute For Policy Studies, Jillian Balow, Michael DiMatteo, Patrick Garrison, Claudine "Beanie" Geoghegan, Nathan Gwinn, Mark Lendhardt, Tammy Rae McMahon-Goran, Paul Rossi, Dicky Shanor and Mitchell M. Zais


Amanda Flug Davidoff
Counsel of Record
Sullivan & Cromwell LLP
1700 New York Avenue, NW, Suite 700
Washington, DC 20006

davidoffa@sullcrom.com
Ph: 202-956-7500
Party name: Professors Justin Driver and Eugene Volokh


Deborah Dewart
Counsel of Record
111 Magnolia Lane
Hubert, NC 28539

LAWYERDEBORAH@OUTLOOK.COM
Ph: 9103264554
Party name: NC Values Institute


James Connolly Dugan
Counsel of Record
Willkie Farr & Gallagher, LLP
787 Seventh Avenue
New York, NY 10019

jdugan@willkie.com
Ph: 212-728-8000
Party name: Interfaith Alliance


William C. Duncan
Counsel of Record
420 E. South Temple, Suite 510
Salt Lake City, UT 84111

bill@sifreedom.org
Ph: (801)-355-1272
Party name: Sutherland Institute


Michael P. Farris
Counsel of Record
National Religious Broadcasters
20 F Street
Seventh Floor
Washington, DC 20001

mfarris@nrb.org
Ph: 2023414783
Party name: National Religious Broadcasters


Michael P. Farris
Counsel of Record
National Religious Broadcasters
20 F Street
Seventh Floor
Washington, DC 20001

mfarris@nrb.org
Ph: 2023414783
Party name: Amicus Curiae


John Arak Freedman
Counsel of Record
Arnold & Porter Kaye Scholer, LLP
601 Mass. Ave., NW
Washington, DC 20001

JOHN.FREEDMAN@ARNOLDPORTER.COM
Ph: 202-942-5316
Party name: AASA, The School Superintendents Association, et al.


Susan J. Frietsche
Counsel of Record
Women’s Law Project
239 Fourth Avenue
Suite 2108
Pittsburgh, PA 15222

sfrietsche@womenslawproject.org
Ph: 4122812892
Party name: Lebo Pride, Education Law Center Pennsylvania, and Pennsylvania Youth Congress Foundation


Marc Aaron Fuller
Counsel of Record
Jackson Walker LLP
2323 Ross Avenue, Suite 600
Dallas, TX 75201

mfuller@jw.com
Ph: (214) 952-6000
Party name: Authors Guild, Inc., Educational Book & Media Association, and Penguin Random House LLC


Robert P. George
Counsel of Record
Robinson & McElwee, PLLC
700 Virginia Street East, Suite 400
Charleston, WV 25301

RGEORGE@PRINCETON.EDU
Ph: 609-658-4510
Party name: Melissa Moschella, Ph.D.


Samuel Troxell Grover
Counsel of Record
Freedom From Religion Foundation
PO Box 750
Madison, WI 53701

sgrover@ffrf.org
Ph: (608) 256-8900
Party name: Freedom From Religion Foundation


Richard Shawn Gunnarson
Counsel of Record
Kirton McConkie
Key Bank Tower
36 South State Street, Suite 1900
Salt Lake City, UT 84111

SGUNNARSON@KMCLAW.COM
Ph: 801-328-3600
Party name: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, et al.


Christopher Theodore Holinger
Counsel of Record
Robertson Center for Constitutional Law
1000 Regent Univ. Drive
Suite 303
Virginia Beach, VA 23464

chriho3@regent.edu
Ph: 757 410-2293
Party name: Professors S. Ernie Walton and Eric A. Degroff


Eric Alan Hudson
Counsel of Record
Terrazas PLLC
1001 South Capital of Texas Highway
Building L, Suite 250
Austin, TX 78746

ehudson@terrazaspllc.com
Ph: 15122949891
Party name: Legal Insurrection Foundation


Erik S. Jaffe
Counsel of Record
Schaerr | Jaffe LLP
1717 K Street, N.W., Suite 900
Washington, DC 20006

EJAFFE@SCHAERR-JAFFE.COM
Ph: 202-787-1060
Party name: 66 Members of Congress


Robert D Kamenshine
Counsel of Record
11320 Dunleith Place
North Potomac, MD 20878

rkamensh@verizon.net
Ph: 301-762-7897
Party name: Robert D. Kamenshine


Glenn Michael Katon
Counsel of Record
Mirador Law
6601 Owens Drive, Ste 238
Pleasanton, CA 94588

glenn@miradorlaw.com
Ph: 9254608484
Party name: California Parents for the Equalization of Educational Materials


Eric Nieuwenhuis Kniffin
Counsel of Record
Ethics and Public Policy Center
1730 M Street N.W.
Suite 910
Washington, DC 20036

ekniffin@eppc.org
Ph: 2026281200
Party name: Ethics and Public Policy Center


Nathan Lewin
Counsel of Record
Lewin & Lewin, LLP
888 17th St. NW, 4th Floor
Washington, DC 20006

nat@lewinlewin.com
Ph: 2028281000
Party name: Nathan Lewin


Karen Lee Loewy
Counsel of Record
Lambda Legal Defense and Education Fund, Inc.
815 16th Street NW, Suite 4140
Washington, DC 20006

kloewy@lambdalegal.org
Ph: 202-804-6245
Party name: The Leadership Conference Education Fund; PFLAG, Inc.; National Women's Law Center; Lambda Legal Defense and Education Fund, Inc.


Daniel Mach
Counsel of Record
American Civil Liberties Union
915 15th St., NW
Washington, DC 20005

dmach@aclu.org
Ph: 2025486604
Party name: AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES UNION AND AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES UNION OF MARYLAND


Joshua Adam Matz
Counsel of Record
Hecker Fink LLP
1050 K Street NW
Suite 1040
Washington, DC 20001

jmatz@heckerfink.com
Ph: (212) 763-0883
Party name: Frederick M. Gedicks, Steven Green, B. Jessie Hill, Richard B. Katskee, Ira C. Lupu, William P. Marshall, Richard C. Schragger, Micah Schwartzman, Elizabeth W. Sepper, Robert W. Tuttle, and Laura Underkuffler


Mary Elizabeth McAlister
Counsel of Record
Child & Parental Rights Campaign, Inc.
5425 Peachtree Pkwy, Suite 110
Norcross, GA 30092

mmcalister@childparentrights.org
Ph: 770 448 4525
Party name: Our Duty–USA and Partners for Ethical Care


Rachel Gabrielle Miller-Ziegler
Counsel of Record
Munger, Tolles and Olson LLP
601 Massachusetts Avenue, NW
Suite 500E
Washington, DC 20001-5369

rachel.miller-ziegler@mto.com
Ph: 202.220.1100
Party name: Professor Lawrence G. Sager and Professor Nelson Tebbe


Christopher E. Mills
Counsel of Record
Spero Law LLC
557 East Bay Street #22251
Charleston, SC 29413

cmills@spero.law
Ph: 8436060640
Party name: America First Legal Foundation


Christopher E. Mills
Counsel of Record
Spero Law LLC
557 East Bay Street #22251
Charleston, SC 29413

cmills@spero.law
Ph: 8436060640
Party name: Douglas Laycock, Richard W. Garnett, Helen M. Alvaré, Thomas C. Berg, and Michael W. McConnell


Christopher E. Mills
Counsel of Record
Spero Law LLC
557 East Bay Street #22251
Charleston, SC 29413

cmills@spero.law
Ph: 8436060640
Party name: Professors Douglas Laycock, Richard W. Garnett, Thomas C. Berg, Michael W. McConnell, and David Smolin


Roy Stewart Moore
Counsel of Record
Foundation for Moral Law
P.O. Box 148
Gallant, AL 35972

KAYLA@MORALLAW.ORG
Ph: 334-262-1245
Party name: Foundation for Moral Law


Kerry Lee Morgan
Counsel of Record
Pentiuk, Couvreue & Kobiljak, P.C.
2915 Biddle Avenue
Suite 200
Wyandotte, MI 48192

kmorgan@pck-law.com
Ph: (734) 281-7100
Party name: The Lonang Institute


Alice Margaret O'Brien
Counsel of Record
National Education Association
1201 16th Street, NW
Washington, DC 20036

aobrien@nea.org
Ph: 202 822 7035
Party name: National Education Association et al.


William Jeffrey Olson
Counsel of Record
William J. Olson, P.C.
370 Maple Ave. W., Suite 4
Vienna, VA 22180

WJO@MINDSPRING.COM
Ph: 7033565070
Party name: America's Future, U.S. Constitutional Rights Legal Def. Fund, Fitzgerald Griffin Foundation, and Conservative Legal Def. and Education Fund


William Jeffrey Olson
Counsel of Record
William J. Olson, P.C.
370 Maple Ave. W., Suite 4
Vienna, VA 22180

WJO@MINDSPRING.COM
Ph: 7033565070
Party name: America's Future, Citizens United Foundation, Public Advocate of the United States, U.S. Constitutional Rights Legal Defense Fund, Fitzgerald Griffin Foundation, and Conservative Legal Defense and Education Fund


Joseph James Poppen
Counsel of Record
Bryan Cave Leighton Paisner LLP
Three Embarcadero Ctr 7th Floor
San Francisco, CA 94111

joseph.poppen@bclplaw.com
Ph: 4156753400
Party name: Coalition for Responsible Home Education


Natalie Carter Rhoads
Counsel of Record
Liberty University School of Law
1971 University Blvd.
Lynchburg, VA 24515

nrhoads@liberty.edu
Ph: (434) 592-5300
Party name: Law Professors


D. John Sauer
Solicitor General
United States Department of Justice
950 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW
Washington, DC 20530-0001

SUPREMECTBRIEFS@USDOJ.GOV
Ph: 202-514-2217
Party name: United States


Gene Clayton Schaerr
Counsel of Record
Schaerr | Jaffe
1717 K Street NW, Suite 900
Washington, DC 20006

GSCHAERR@SCHAERR-JAFFE.COM
Ph: 202-787-1060
Party name: Protect the First Foundation; The Jewish Coalition for Religious Liberty; The Islam and Religious Freedom Action Team; Carmilla Tatel; Gretchen Melton; Stacy Dunn


Dale Michael Schowengerdt
Counsel of Record
Landmark Law, PLLC
7 West 6th Avenue
#518
Helena, MT 59601

DALE@LANDMARKLAWPLLC.COM
Ph: 4064382163
Party name: Center for American Liberty


Joshua Morris Segal
Counsel of Record
Office of the Attorney General
200 St. Paul Place, 20th Floor
Baltimore, MD 21202

jsegal@oag.state.md.us
Ph: 410-576-6446
Party name: Maryland, Massachusetts, Sixteen Other States, and the District of Columbia


Jay Alan Sekulow
Counsel of Record
American Center for Law and Justice
201 Maryland Avenue, N.E.
Washington, DC 20002

sekulow@aclj.org
Ph: 2025468890
Party name: American Center for Law & Justice


Ilya Shapiro
Counsel of Record
Manhattan Institute
52 Vanderbilt Ave.
New York, NY 10017

ishapiro@manhattan-institute.org
Ph: 212-599-7000
Party name: Manhattan Institute and Seven Psychologists


Catherine E. Smith
Counsel of Record
Washington and Lee University School of Law
506 Sydney Lewis Hall
Lexington, VA 24450-0303

csmith3@wlu.edu
Ph: 8327521458
Party name: Scholars for the Advancement of Children's Constitutional Rights and Students Engaged in Advancing Texas


Mathew D. Staver
Counsel of Record
109 Second St., NE
Washington, DC 20002

COURT@LC.ORG
Ph: (202) 289-1776
Party name: Liberty Counsel


Linda Jane Steinman
Counsel of Record
Davis Wright Tremaine LLP
1251 Avenue of The Americas, 21st Floor
New York, NY 10020

lindasteinman@dwt.com
Ph: 212 603-6409
Party name: PEN American Center, Inc.


Eric W. Treene
Counsel of Record
Sotorzer and Associates, PC
1025 Connecticut Ave., NW
Suite 1000
Washington, DC 20036

treene@storzerlaw.com
Ph: 2028579766
Party name: Christian Legal Society


Meaghan Elizabeth McLaine VerGow
Counsel of Record
O'Melveny & Myers LLP
1625 Eye Street, NW
Washington, DC 20006

mvergow@omm.com
Ph: (202) 383-5300
Party name: Montgomery County Faith Leaders


Walter M. Weber
American Center for Law & Justice
201 Maryland Avenue, N.E.
Washington, DC 20002-5703

WMWEBER@ACLJ-DC.ORG
Ph: 703.639.0775
Party name: American Center for Law & Justice


Edward Mark Wenger
Counsel of Record
Holtzman Vogel Baran Torchinsky & Josefiak PLLC
2300 N Street, NW
Suite 643A
Washington, DC 20037

emwenger@HoltzmanVogel.com
Ph: 2027378808
Party name: 35 Maryland Legislators


Randall L. Wenger
Counsel of Record
Independence Law Center
23 N. Front Street, First Floor
Harrisburg, PA 17101

rwenger@indlawcenter.org
Ph: 717-657-4990
Party name: Independence Law Center


John Marc Wheat
Counsel of Record
Advancing American Freedom, Inc.
801 Pennsylvania Ave., NW
Suite 930
Washington, DC 20004-2729

MWHEAT@ADVANCINGAMERICANFREEDOM.COM
Ph: (202) 780-4848
Party name: Advancing American Freedom


Michael Ray Williams
Counsel of Record
Office of the West Virginia Attorney General
State Capitol Complex, Bldg. 1, Rm E-26
1900 Kanawha Blvd. E
Charleston, WV 25305

michael.r.williams@wvago.gov
Ph: 304-558-2021
Party name: State of West Virginia, Commonwealth of Virginia, and 23 Other States


Michael Ray Williams
Counsel of Record
Office of the West Virginia Attorney General
State Capitol Complex, Bldg. 1, Rm E-26
1900 Kanawha Blvd. E
Charleston, WV 25305

michael.r.williams@wvago.gov
Ph: 304-558-2021
Party name: State of West Virginia, Commonwealth of Virginia, and 24 Other States


Frank J. Wright
Counsel of Record
Law Offices of Frank J. Wright. PLLC
1800 Valley View Lane, Suite 250
Farmers Branch, TX 75234

frank@fjwright.law
Ph: (214) 935-9100
Party name: Jaco Booyens Ministries, Ilonka Deaton, Tami Brown Rodriquez, and Truth in Education


Alexandra Dorothy Zaretsky
Counsel of Record
Americans United for Separation of Church & State
1310 L Street NW Suite 200
Washington, DC 20005

zaretsky@au.org
Ph: 2028982145
Party name: Religious and Civil-Rights Organizations