No. 20-1199
 
Title: Students for Fair Admissions, Inc., Petitioner
v.
President and Fellows of Harvard College
Docketed: March 1, 2021
Linked with: 21A393
Lower Ct: United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit
   Case Numbers: (19-2005)
   Decision Date: November 12, 2020
Questions Presented
 
Proceedings and Orders
Feb 25 2021 Petition for a writ of certiorari filed. (Response due March 31, 2021)
Petition Appendix Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Mar 03 2021 Motion to extend the time to file a response from March 31, 2021 to May 17, 2021, submitted to The Clerk.
Main Document
Mar 04 2021 Motion to extend the time to file a response is granted and the time is extended to and including May 17, 2021.
Mar 23 2021 Brief amici curiae of Gail Heriot and Peter N. Kirsanow filed.
Main Document Proof of Service Certificate of Word Count
Mar 25 2021 Brief amicus curiae of Southeastern Legal Foundation filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Mar 25 2021 Brief amicus curiae of Professor David E. Bernstein filed.
Main Document Proof of Service Certificate of Word Count
Mar 26 2021 Brief amicus curiae of Economists in Support of Petitioner filed.
Main Document Proof of Service Certificate of Word Count
Mar 29 2021 Brief amicus curiae of National Association of Scholars filed.
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Mar 30 2021 Brief amicus curiae of Speech First filed.
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Mar 30 2021 Brief amicus curiae of Texas filed.
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Mar 30 2021 Brief amici curiae of Pacific Legal Foundation, Reason Foundation, Center for Equal Opportunity, Individual Rights Foundation, Chinese American Citizens Alliance - Greater New York, Coalition for TJ, and Yi Fang Chen filed.
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Mar 31 2021 Brief amicus curiae of Jewish Coalition for Religious Liberty filed.
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Mar 31 2021 Brief amicus curiae of Hamilton Lincoln Law Institute filed.
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Mar 31 2021 Brief amici curiae of The Louis D. Brandeis Center for Human Rights Under Law and the Silicon Valley Chinese Association Foundation filed.
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Mar 31 2021 Brief amicus curiae of Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence filed.
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Mar 31 2021 Brief amicus curiae of Former Attorney General Edwin Meese III filed.
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Mar 31 2021 Brief amici curiae of State of Oklahoma, et al. filed.
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Mar 31 2021 Brief amici curiae of Judicial Watch, Inc. and Allied Educational Foundation filed.
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Mar 31 2021 Brief amicus curiae of Richard Sander in support of neither filed.
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Mar 31 2021 Brief amici curiae of The Asian American Coalition For Education and The Asian American Legal Foundation filed.
Main Document Proof of Service Certificate of Word Count
Mar 31 2021 Brief amicus curiae of The Californians for Equal Rights Foundation filed.
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Mar 31 2021 Brief amicus curiae of Former Federal Officials of the Department of Education's Office for Civil Rights filed.
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Mar 31 2021 Brief amicus curiae of The Liberty Justice Center filed.
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May 17 2021 Brief of respondent President and Fellows of Harvard College in opposition filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
May 19 2021 Letter waiving the 14-day waiting period for the filing of a reply pursuant to Rule 15.5 filed.
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May 24 2021 Reply of petitioner Students for Fair Admissions, Inc. filed. (Distributed)
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
May 25 2021 DISTRIBUTED for Conference of 6/10/2021.
Jun 14 2021 The Acting Solicitor General is invited to file a brief in this case expressing the views of the United States.
Dec 08 2021 Amicus brief of United States not accepted for filing. (December 09, 2021 - to be corrected and reprinted)
Dec 08 2021 Brief amicus curiae of United States filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Other
Dec 21 2021 Supplemental brief of respondent President and Fellows of Harvard College filed. (Distributed)
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Dec 22 2021 DISTRIBUTED for Conference of 1/7/2022.
Dec 22 2021 Supplemental brief of petitioner Students for Fair Admissions, Inc. filed. (Distributed)
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Jan 10 2022 DISTRIBUTED for Conference of 1/14/2022.
Jan 18 2022 DISTRIBUTED for Conference of 1/21/2022.
Jan 24 2022 Petition GRANTED. The petition for a writ of certiorari in No. 21-707 is granted. The cases are consolidated, and a total of one hour is allotted for oral argument. VIDED.
Jan 24 2022 Because the Court has consolidated these cases for briefing and oral argument, future filings and activity in the cases will now be reflected on the docket of No. 20-1199. Subsequent filings in these cases must therefore be submitted through the electronic filing system in No. 20-1199. Each document submitted in connection with one or more of these cases must include on its cover the case number and caption for each case in which the filing is intended to be submitted. Where a filing is submitted in fewer than all of the cases, the docket entry will reflect the case number(s) in which the filing is submitted; a document filed in all of the consolidated cases will be noted as “VIDED.”
Feb 02 2022 Joint motion for an extension of time to file the briefs on the merits filed. VIDED.
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Feb 02 2022 Application (21A393) of petitioner to file consolidated opening and reply briefs on the merits in excess of the word limits, submitted to The Chief Justice. VIDED.
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Feb 04 2022 Joint motion to extend the time to file the briefs on the merits granted. The time to file the joint appendix and petitioner's brief on the merits is extended to and including May 2, 2022. The time to file respondents' briefs on the merits is extended to and including July 25, 2022. VIDED.
Feb 07 2022 Notice of Change of Address of Speech First not accepted for filing. (February 15, 2022)
Feb 08 2022 Application (21A393) of petitioner to file consolidated opening and reply briefs on the merits in excess of the word limits granted by The Chief Justice. VIDED.
Mar 25 2022 Blanket Consent filed by Petitioner, Students for Fair Admissions, Inc.
Blanket Consent
Mar 25 2022 Blanket Consent filed (in 21-707) by Respondent, Cecilia Polanco, et al.
Blanket Consent
Mar 28 2022 Blanket Consent filed by Respondent, President and Fellows of Harvard College
Blanket Consent
Mar 31 2022 Blanket Consent filed by Respondent, The University of North Carolina, et al.
Blanket Consent
May 02 2022 Brief of petitioner Students for Fair Admissions, Inc. filed. VIDED.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
May 02 2022 Joint appendix -4 Volumes (as to 20-1199) filed (statement of costs filed).
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May 02 2022 Motion for leave to file Volume IV of the joint appendix under seal filed by respondents Cecilia Polanco, et al. (as to 21-707).
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May 02 2022 Proposal of petitioner to lodge declarations of SFFA President and identified members recently denied admission to Harvard and UNC filed. VIDED.
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May 02 2022 Joint appendix - 3 volumes (as to 21-707) filed (statement of costs filed).
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May 03 2022 Brief amici curiae of The Liberty Justice Center and Momoko Takahashi filed. VIDED.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
May 03 2022 Brief amicus curiae of Professor David E. Bernstein filed. VIDED.
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May 04 2022 Brief amicus curiae of Southeastern Legal Foundation filed (in 20-1199).
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May 05 2022 Brief amicus curiae of Professor Fiona A. Harrison in Support of Neither Party filed.
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May 05 2022 Brief amicus curiae of The Louis D. Brandeis Center for Human Rights Under Law and the Silicon Valley Chinese Association Foundation filed. VIDED.
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May 05 2022 Brief amici curiae of Pacific Legal Foundation, et al. filed. VIDED.
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May 06 2022 Brief amicus curiae of Speech First filed. VIDED.
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May 06 2022 Brief amicus curiae of LONANG Institute filed. VIDED.
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May 06 2022 Brief amicus curiae of National Association of Scholars filed. VIDED.
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May 06 2022 Brief amici curiae of Former Federal Officials of the Department of Education's Office for Civil Rights filed. VIDED.
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May 09 2022 Brief amici curiae of Judicial Watch, Inc. and Allied Educational Foundation filed. VIDED.
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May 09 2022 Brief amici curiae of Economists in Support of Petitioner filed. VIDED.
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May 09 2022 Brief amici curiae of Hamilton Lincoln Law Institute filed. VIDED.
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May 09 2022 Brief amicus curiae of Veterans for Fairness and Merit filed. VIDED.
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May 09 2022 Brief amici curiae of American Center for Law & Justice and Devon Westhill filed. VIDED.
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May 09 2022 Brief amici curiae of United States Senators and Representatives filed. VIDED.
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May 09 2022 Brief amicus curiae of The Californians for Equal Rights Foundation filed. VIDED.
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May 09 2022 Brief amici curiae of Oklahoma, et al. filed. VIDED.
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May 09 2022 Brief amicus curiae of America First Legal Foundation in support of neither party filed.
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May 09 2022 Brief amicus curiae of Project 21 filed. VIDED.
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May 09 2022 Brief amicus curiae of Jewish Coalition for Religious Liberty in support of neither party filed.
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May 09 2022 Brief amicus curiae of Defense of Freedom Institute for Policy Studies filed. VIDED.
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May 09 2022 Brief amici curiae of Mark Keith Robinson and Winsome Earle-Sears filed. VIDED.
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May 09 2022 Brief amici curiae of Gail Heriot, et al. filed. VIDED.
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May 09 2022 Brief amicus curiae of Claremont Institutes Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence filed.VIDED
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May 09 2022 Brief amicus curiae of Former Attorney General Edwin Meese III filed. VIDED.
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May 09 2022 Brief amicus curiae of Legal Insurrection Foundation filed. VIDED.
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May 09 2022 Brief amicus curiae of The State of Texas filed. VIDED.
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May 09 2022 Brief amici curiae of The Asian American Coalition For Education and The Asian American Legal Foundation filed. VIDED.
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May 09 2022 Brief amicus curiae of Foundation Against Intolerance & Racism filed.
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May 09 2022 Brief amicus curiae of Freedom X filed. VIDED.
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May 09 2022 Brief amicus curiae of Richard Sander filed. VIDED.
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May 09 2022 Brief amici curiae of Ann M. Killenbeck, et al. filed. VIDED.
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May 09 2022 Brief amicus curiae of Parents Defending Education filed. VIDED.
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Jun 13 2022 Motion of respondents Cecilia Polanco, et al. for leave to file Volume IV of the joint appendix in No. 21-707 under seal GRANTED.
Jul 19 2022 Brief amicus curiae of David Boyle filed. VIDED.
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Jul 22 2022 This case is no longer consolidated with No. 21-707, Students for Fair Admissions v. University of NC, et al., and one hour is allotted for oral argument. Justice Jackson took no part in the consideration of this order.
Jul 25 2022 Brief of respondent President and Fellows of Harvard College filed.
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Jul 25 2022 Brief amici curiae of 25 Harvard Student and Alumni Organizations filed.
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Jul 27 2022 Amici brief of Human Rights Advocates, et al. not accepted for filing. (July 29, 2022 - to be reprinted and resubmitted for cover error.)
Jul 27 2022 Brief amici curiae of Human Rights Advocates, et al. filed. VIDED. (Aug. 3, 2022)
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Jul 28 2022 Brief amici curiae of Association of American Medical Colleges, et al. filed. VIDED.
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Jul 29 2022 Brief amici curiae of 1,241 Social Scientists and Scholars on College Access, et al. filed.
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Jul 29 2022 Brief amici curiae of 25 Diverse, California-Focused Bar Associations, et al. filed. VIDED.
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Jul 29 2022 Brief amicus curiae of HR Policy Association filed. VIDED.
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Jul 29 2022 Brief amicus curiae of The Council of the Great City Schools filed. VIDED.
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Jul 29 2022 Brief amicus curiae of Professor F. Andrew Hessick filed. VIDED.
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Aug 01 2022 Brief amici curiae of National Asian Pacific American Bar Association, et al. and National LGBTQ+ Bar Association filed. VIDED.
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Aug 01 2022 Amicus brief of Professors of Economics not accepted for filing. (Corrected brief and PDF to be submitted.)
Aug 01 2022 Brief amici curiae of Professors of Economics filed. (Aug. 16, 2022)
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Aug 01 2022 Brief amicus curiae of The American Bar Association filed. VIDED.
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Aug 01 2022 Brief amicus curiae of Anti-Defamation League filed.
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Aug 01 2022 Brief amici curiae of The American Psychological Association, et al. filed. VIDED.
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Aug 01 2022 Brief amici curiae of National School Boards Association, et al. filed. VIDED.
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Aug 01 2022 Brief amici curiae of American Educational Research Association, et al. filed. VIDED.
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Aug 01 2022 Brief amici curiae of Admissions and Testing Professionals filed. VIDED.
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Aug 01 2022 Amici brief of Admissions and Testing Professionals not accepted for filing. (August 31, 2022--Duplicate submission.)
Aug 01 2022 Brief amicus curiae of National Black Law Students Association filed. VIDED.
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Aug 01 2022 Brief amici curiae of National Women's Law Center and 37 Additional Organizations Committed to Race and Gender Equality filed. VIDED.
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Aug 01 2022 Brief amici curiae of Asian Americans Advancing Justice, et al. filed. VIDED.
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Aug 01 2022 Brief amici curiae of American Association for Access, Equity and Diversity and Fund for Leadership, Equity, Access and Diversity filed. VIDED.
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Aug 01 2022 Brief amici curiae of HBCU Leaders and National Association for Equal Opportunity in Higher Education filed. VIDED.
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Aug 01 2022 Brief amici curiae of Massachusetts Institute of Technology, et al. filed. VIDED.
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Aug 01 2022 Brief amicus curiae of National Academy of Education filed. VIDED.
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Aug 01 2022 Brief amici curiae of American G.I. Forum, et al. filed. VIDED.
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Aug 01 2022 Brief amici curiae of Deborah Cohen and 67 Other Professors filed. VIDED.
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Aug 01 2022 Brief amici curiae of Georgetown University, et al. filed. VIDED.
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Aug 01 2022 Brief amicus curiae of Constitutional Accountability Center filed. VIDED.
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Aug 01 2022 Brief amicus curiae of United States filed.
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Aug 01 2022 Brief amici curiae of College Board, et al. filed. VIDED.
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Aug 01 2022 Brief amici curiae of United States Senators and Former Senators filed. VIDED.
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Aug 01 2022 Brief amici curiae of Students and Alumni of Harvard College filed.
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Aug 01 2022 Brief amici curiae of President and Chancellors of the University of California filed. VIDED.
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Aug 01 2022 Brief amici curiae of Multicultural Media, et al. filed. VIDED.
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Aug 01 2022 Brief amici curiae of Asian American Legal Defense and Education Fund, et al. filed. VIDED.
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Aug 01 2022 Brief amicus curiae of The Law Firm Antiracism Alliance filed. VIDED.
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Aug 01 2022 Brief amici curiae of Amherst, Barnard, et al. filed. VIDED.
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Aug 01 2022 Motion of the Solicitor General for leave to participate in oral argument as amicus curiae, for divided argument, and for enlargement of time for oral argument filed.
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Aug 01 2022 Brief amicus curiae of American Federation of Teachers filed. VIDED.
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Aug 01 2022 Brief amici curiae of Washington Bar Association, et al. filed. VIDED.
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Aug 01 2022 Brief amici curiae of Major American Business Enterprises filed. VIDED.
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Aug 01 2022 Brief amici curiae of Robert C. "Bobby" Scott, Member of Congress, et al. filed. VIDED.
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Aug 01 2022 Brief amici curiae of Southern Governors filed. VIDED.
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Aug 01 2022 Amicus brief of Empirical Scholars not accepted for filing. (Corrected brief and PDF to be submitted-- August 11, 2022)
Aug 01 2022 Brief amici curiae of Empirical Scholars filed. VIDED. (Aug. 11, 2022)
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Aug 01 2022 Brief amici curiae of American Council on Education and 39 Other Higher Education Associations filed. VIDED. (To be reprinted with new PDF submitted.)
Aug 01 2022 Brief amici curiae of American Council on Education and 39 Other Higher Education Associations filed. VIDED. (Aug. 10, 2022)
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Aug 01 2022 Brief amici curiae of National Association of Basketball Coaches, et al. filed. VIDED.
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Aug 01 2022 Brief amici curiae of American Civil Liberties Union, et al. filed. VIDED.
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Aug 01 2022 Brief amici curiae of Deans of U.S. Law Schools filed. VIDED.
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Aug 01 2022 Brief amicus curiae of The University of Michigan filed. VIDED.
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Aug 01 2022 Brief amici curiae of Legal Scholars Defending Race-Conscious Admissions filed. VIDED.
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Aug 01 2022 Brief amici curiae of Brown University, et al. filed. VIDED.
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Aug 01 2022 Brief amici curiae of Applied Materials, Inc., et al. filed. VIDED.
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Aug 01 2022 Brief amici curiae of Professors of History and Law filed. VIDED.
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Aug 01 2022 Brief amici curiae of Massachusetts et al. filed. VIDED.
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Aug 01 2022 Brief amici curiae of Adm. Charles S. Abbot, et al. filed. VIDED.
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Aug 01 2022 Brief amici curiae of Black Women Law Scholars filed. VIDED.
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Aug 01 2022 Brief amici curiae of Individual Scientists filed. VIDED.
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Aug 01 2022 Brief amici curiae of Faith Organizations, et al. filed. VIDED.
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Aug 01 2022 Amicus brief of National Education Association et al. not accepted for filing. (Corrected version submitted-- August 10, 2022)
Aug 01 2022 Brief amici curiae of National Education Association et al. filed. VIDED.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Aug 01 2022 Amicus brief of Youth Advocates and Experts on Educational Access not accepted for filing. (Corrected brief and PDF to be submitted.)
Aug 01 2022 Brief amici curiae of Youth Advocates and Experts on Educational Access filed. VIDED. (Aug. 11, 2022)
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Aug 03 2022 ARGUMENT SET FOR Monday, October 31, 2022.
Aug 03 2022 Motion of 25 Harvard Student and Alumni Organizations, out of time, for leave to participate in oral argument as amici curiae, for divided argument, and for enlargement of time for oral argument filed.
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Aug 04 2022 Response to motion of 25 Harvard Student and Alumni Organizations from respondent President and Fellows of Harvard College filed.
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Aug 24 2022 Reply of petitioner Students for Fair Admissions, Inc. filed.
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Aug 31 2022 CIRCULATED
Sep 09 2022 Motion of 25 Harvard Student and Alumni Organizations, out of time, for leave to participate in oral argument as amici curiae, for divided argument, and for enlargement of time for oral argument is DENIED. Justice Jackson took no part in the consideration or decision of this motion.
Sep 09 2022 Motion of the Solicitor General for leave to participate in oral argument as amicus curiae, for divided argument, and for enlargement of time for oral argument GRANTED. Justice Jackson took no part in the consideration or decision of this motion.
Sep 12 2022 Record requested from the U.S.C.A. 1st Circuit.
Oct 25 2022 Record from the U.S.C.A. 1st circuit is electronic and located on the First Circuit docket, also on Pacer. 1 Sealed document (AMENDED SEALED SUPPLEMENTAL APPENDIX) has been electronically filed.
Oct 31 2022 Argued. For petitioner: Cameron T. Norris, Arlington, Va. For respondent: Seth P. Waxman, Washington, D. C.; and Elizabeth B. Prelogar, Solicitor General, Department of Justice, Washington, D. C. (for United States, as amicus curiae.)
Nov 07 2022 Record received from the USDC-Massachusetts. Sealed pleadings transmitted electronically. Remainder of pleadings available on PACER.
Jun 29 2023 Judgment REVERSED. Roberts, C. J., delivered the opinion of the Court, in which Thomas, Alito, Gorsuch, Kavanaugh, and Barrett, JJ., joined. Thomas, J., filed a concurring opinion. Gorsuch, J., filed a concurring opinion, in which Thomas, J., joined. Kavanaugh, J., filed a concurring opinion. Sotomayor, J., filed a dissenting opinion, in which Kagan, J., joined, and in which Jackson, J., joined as it applies to No. 21–707. Jackson, J., filed a dissenting opinion in No. 21–707, in which Sotomayor and Kagan, JJ., joined. Jackson, J., took no part in the consideration or decision of the case in No. 20–1199. (Opinion also for No. 21-707). VIDED.
Jul 07 2023 Letter from counsel for amici curiae Association of American Medical Colleges, et al. received.
Jul 18 2023 Record returned to the U.S.C.A.-1st Circuit (sealed supplemental appendix).
Jul 31 2023 Judgment issued.
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Attorneys
Attorneys for Petitioners
Cameron Thomas Norris
Counsel of Record
Consovoy McCarthy PLLC
1600 Wilson Blvd., Ste 700
Arlington, VA 22209
cam@consovoymccarthy.com
Ph: 703-243-9423
Party name: Students for Fair Admissions, Inc.


Attorneys for Respondents
David G. Hinojosa
Counsel of Record
Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights Under Law
1500 K Street NW
Suite 900
Washington, DC 20005
dhinojosa@lawyerscommittee.org
Ph: 2026628600
Party name: Cecilia Polanco, et al.


Ryan Young Park
Counsel of Record
North Carolina Department of Justice
P.O. Box 629
Raleigh, NC 27602
rpark@ncdoj.gov
Ph: 9197166400
Party name: The University of North Carolina, et al.


Seth P. Waxman
Counsel of Record
Wilmer Cutler Pickering Hale and Dorr LLP
2100 Pennsylvania Ave, NW
Washington, DC 20037
SETH.WAXMAN@WILMERHALE.COM
Ph: 202-663-6800
Party name: President and Fellows of Harvard College


Other Attorneys
Elizabeth B. Prelogar
Counsel of Record
Solicitor General
United States Department of Justice
950 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW
Washington, DC 20530-0001
SUPREMECTBRIEFS@USDOJ.GOV
Ph: 202-514-2217
Party name: United States


Angelo N. Ancheta
Counsel of Record
53 Delano Avenue
San Francisco, CA 94112
angelo@ancheta.law
Ph: 415-672-0737
Party name: American Educational Research Association, et al.


Ginger D. Anders
Counsel of Record
Munger, Tolles & Olson LLP
601 Massachusetts Avenue, NW
Suite 500E
Washington, DC 20001-5369
ginger.anders@mto.com
Ph: 2022201107
Party name: President and Chancellors of the University of California


Deborah N. Archer
Counsel of Record
NYU School of Law
245 Sullivan Street
Room 610
New York, NY 10012
deborah.archer@nyu.edu
Ph: 2129986882
Party name: National Black Law Students Association


Bradley Alan Benbrook
Counsel of Record
Benbrook Law Group
400 Capitol Mall, Suite 2530
Sacramento, CA 95814
brad@benbrooklawgroup.com
Ph: 9164474900
Party name: Speech First


Brigida Benitez
Counsel of Record
Steptoe & Johnson LLP
1330 Connecticut Ave., N. W.
Washington, DC 20036
bbenitez@steptoe.com
Ph: 2024293000
Party name: Robert C. "Bobby" Scott, Member of Congress and 64 Other Members of Congress


Upnit K. Bhatti
Counsel of Record
Orrick, Herrington & Sutcliffe LLP
1152 15th Street NW
Washington, DC 20005
ubhatti@orrick.com
Ph: (202) 339-8400
Party name: Washington Bar Association and Women's Bar Association of the District of Columbia


John W. Borkowski
Counsel of Record
Husch Blackwell
120 South Riverside Plaza, Suite 2200
Chicago, IL 60606
john.borkowski@huschblackwell.com
Ph: 312-526-1538
Party name: The Council of the Great City Schools


David Christopher Boyle
Counsel of Record
PO Box 15143
Long Beach, CA 90815
dbo@boyleslaw.org
Ph: (734)-904-6132
Party name: David Boyle


Thomas L. Brejcha Jr.
Counsel of Record
309 W Washington Street
Suite 1250
Chicago, IL 60606
brejcha@aol.com
Ph: 3127821680
Party name: Mark Keith Robinson and Winsome Earle-Sears


Michael Alan Brown
Counsel of Record
Nelson Mullins Riley and Scarborough LLP
100 S. Charles Street
Suite 1600
Baltimore, MD 21201
mike.brown@nelsonmullins.com
Ph: 443-392-9401
Party name: College Board, National Association for College Admission Counseling, American Association of Collegiate Registrars and Admissions Officers, and Act, Inc.


John J. Bursch
Counsel of Record
Alliance Defending Freedom
440 First Street, NW
Suite 600
Washington, DC 20001
jbursch@adflegal.org
Ph: (616) 450-4235
Party name: Jewish Coalition for Religious Liberty


Anthony Thomas Caso
Counsel of Record
Constitutional Counsel Group
174 W. Lincoln Ave., #620
Anaheim, CA 92805
atcaso@ccg1776.com
Ph: 9166011916
Party name: Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence


H. Christopher Coates
Counsel of Record
Law Office of H. Christopher Coates
934 Compass Point
Charleston, SC 29412
curriecoates@gmail.com
Ph: (843) 609-7080
Party name: Judicial Watch, Inc. and Allied Educational Foundation


Mark Simon Davies
Counsel of Record
Orrick, Herrington & Sutcliffe LLP
Columbia Center
1152 15th Street NW
Washington, DC 20005
mark.davies@orrick.com
Ph: 202-339-8631
Party name: Applied Materials, Inc., Corteva Agriscience, Cummins Inc., DuPont de Nemours, Inc., Gilead Sciences, Inc., LinkedIn Corp., Mastercard Inc., Micron Technology, Inc., Microsoft Corp., Shell USA, Inc., and Verizon Services Corp.


Constance de la Vega
Counsel of Record
University of San Francisco School of Law
2130 Fulton Street
San Francisco, CA 94117
delavega@usfca.edu
Ph: 415-422-2296
Party name: Human Rights Advocates and Human Rights First


Kelly M. Dermody
Counsel of Record
Lieff Cabraser Heimann and Bernstein, LLP
275 Battery Street
29th Floor
San Francisco, CA 94111
kdermody@lchb.com
Ph: (415) 956-1000
Party name: Youth Advocates and Experts on Educational Access


Elizabeth Napier Dewar
Counsel of Record
Office of the Attorney General
One Ashburton Place
Boston, MA 02108
bessie.dewar@mass.gov
Ph: 617-963-2204
Party name: Massachusetts et al.


Daniel Dennis Doyle
Counsel of Record
Lashly & Baer, P.C.
714 Locust Street
St. Louis, MO 63101
ddoyle@lashlybaer.com
Ph: 314-621-2939
Party name: Association of College Counselors in Independent Schools, Inc.


Daniel Dennis Doyle
Counsel of Record
Lashly & Baer, P.C.
714 Locust Street
St. Louis, MO 63101
ddoyle@lashlybaer.com
Ph: 314-621-2939
Party name: Accept, Inc.


Daniel Dennis Doyle
Counsel of Record
Lashly & Baer, P.C.
714 Locust Street
St. Louis, MO 63101
ddoyle@lashlybaer.com
Ph: 314-621-2939
Party name: Admissions and Testing Professionals


Michael R. Dreeben
Counsel of Record
O’Melveny & Myers LLP
1625 Eye Street, NW
Washington, DC 20036
mdreeben@omm.com
Ph: 202-383-5400
Party name: Major American Business Enterprises


Jessica Lynn Ellsworth
Counsel of Record
Hogan Lovells US, LLP
555 13th Street, N. W.
Washington, DC 20004
jessica.ellsworth@hoganlovells.com
Ph: 202-637-5886
Party name: American Council on Education and 39 Other Higher Education Associations


John Patrick Elwood
Counsel of Record
Arnold & Porter Kaye Scholer LLP
601 Massachusetts Ave., NW
Washington, DC 20001
john.elwood@arnoldporter.com
Ph: (202) 942-5992
Party name: The University of Michigan


Wencong Fa
Counsel of Record
Pacific Legal Foundation
555 Capitol Mall, Suite 1290
Sacramento, CA 95814
wfa@pacificlegal.org
Ph: 916-419-7111
Party name: Pacific Legal Foundation, Reason Foundation, Center for Equal Opportunity, Individual Rights Foundation, Chinese American Citizens Alliance - Greater New York, Coalition for TJ, and Yi Fang Chen


Gordon M. Fauth Jr.
Counsel of Record
Litigation Law Group
1935 Addison St., Ste. A
Berkeley, CA 94704
gmf@classlitigation.com
Ph: 5102389610
Party name: The Asian American Coalition For Education and The Asian American Legal Foundation


Theodore Harold Frank
Counsel of Record
Hamilton Lincoln Law Institute
1629 K Street NW, Suite 300
Washington, DC 20006
tfrank@gmail.com
Ph: 7032033848
Party name: Hamilton Lincoln Law Institute


Jonathan Saul Franklin
Counsel of Record
Norton Rose Fulbright US LLP
799 9th Street NW
Suite 1000
Washington, DC 20001
jonathan.franklin@nortonrosefulbright.com
Ph: 2026620466
Party name: Association of American Medical Colleges et al.


Brianne Jenna Gorod
Counsel of Record
Constitutional Accountability Center
1200 18th Street, NW
Suite 501
Washington, DC 20036
brianne@theusconstitution.org
Ph: 202 296 6889
Party name: Constitutional Accountability Center


C. Boyden Gray
Counsel of Record
Boyden Gray and Associates PLLC
801 17th Street, NW
Suite 350
Washington, DC 20006
info@boydengrayassociates.com
Ph: 202-955-0620
Party name: Economists in Support of Petitioner


Blaine Ian Green
Counsel of Record
Pillsbury Winthrop Shaw Pittman LLP
Four Embarcadero Center, 22nd Floor
San Francisco, CA 94111
blaine.green@pillsburylaw.com
Ph: 415-983-1476
Party name: National Asian Pacific American Bar Association and National LGBTQ+ Bar Association


Samuel Pianko Groner
Counsel of Record
Fried, Frank, Harris, Shriver & Jacobson LLP
0ne New York Plaza
New York, NY 10004
samuel.groner@friedfrank.com
Ph: 212-859-8565
Party name: Anti-Defamation League


Richard Shawn Gunnarson
Counsel of Record
Kirton McConkie
Key Bank Tower
36 South State Street, Suite 1900
Salt Lake City, UT 84111
sgunnarson@kmclaw.com
Ph: 801-323-5907
Party name: United States Senators and Representatives


Douglas Harry Hallward-Driemeier
Counsel of Record
Ropes & Gray, LLP
2099 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW
Washington, DC 20006-6807
Douglas.Hallward-Driemeier@ropesgray.com
Ph: 202-508-4776
Party name: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, et al.


Vinay Vasdev Harpalani
Counsel of Record
University of New Mexico School of Law
1117 Stanford Drive NE
Albuquerque, NM 87131
vinayh@unm.edu
Ph: 215-873-4476
Party name: Legal Scholars Defending Race-Conscious Admissions


Mark David Harris
Counsel of Record
Proskauer Rose LLP
Eleven Times Square
New York, NY 10036
mharris@proskauer.com
Ph: 212-969-3530
Party name: Amherst, Barnard, Bates, Bowdoin, Bryn Mawr, Carleton, Colby, Connecticut, Davidson, Franklin & Marshall, Hamilton, Hampshire, Haverford, Macalester, Middlebury, Mount Holyoke, Oberlin, Pomona, Reed, Sarah Lawrence, Smith, St. Olaf, Swarthmore, Trinity, Union, Vassar, Wellesley, and Williams Colleges, and Bucknell, Clark, Tufts, Washington & Lee, and Wesleyan Universities


Kathleen Roberta Hartnett
Counsel of Record
Cooley LLP
3 Embarcadero Center
20th Floor
San Francisco, CA 94111
khartnett@cooley.com
Ph: (415) 693-2000
Party name: Professors of History and Law


Matthew S. Hellman
Counsel of Record
Jenner & Block LLP
1099 New York Ave., NW
Suite 900
Washington, DC 20001
mhellman@jenner.com
Ph: 202-639-6000
Party name: Brown University, et al.


Kimberly Stewart Hermann
Counsel of Record
Southeastern Legal Foundation
560 W. Crossville Rd.
Suite 104
Roswell, GA 30075-7509
khermann@southeasternlegal.org
Ph: 770-977-2131
Party name: Southeastern Legal Foundation


Sarah Ann Hinger
Counsel of Record
American Civil Liberties Union
125 Broad St.
New York, NY 10004
shinger@aclu.org
Ph: 2125197882
Party name: American Civil Liberties Union et al.


Derek T. Ho
Counsel of Record
Kellogg, Hansen, Todd, Figel & Frederick, P.L.L.C.
1615 M Street, NW
Suite 400
Washington, DC 20036
dho@kellogghansen.com
Ph: 202-326-7931
Party name: Professors of Economics


Ashley Lee Hogewood
Counsel of Record
K&L Gates LLP
4350 Lassiter at North Hills Avenue
Suite 300
Raleigh, NC 27609
lee.hogewood@klgates.com
Ph: 991-743-7306
Party name: Individual Scientists


Corrine Anetra Irish
Counsel of Record
Squire Patton Boggs (US) LLP
2550 M St, NW
Washington, DC 20037
corrine.irish@squirepb.com
Ph: 2024576346
Party name: Faith Organizations including The General Synod - United Church of Christ, American Baptist Home Mission Societies & African Descent Lutheran Association of the ELCA


William Alan Jacobson
Counsel of Record
18 Maple Ave #280
Barrington, RI 02806
contact@legalinsurrection.com
Ph: 4012464192
Party name: Legal Insurrection Foundation


Mary Elizabeth Keane
Counsel of Record
1330 New Hampshire Ave., N.W.
# 721
Washington, DC 20036
attorneymaryekeane@gmail.com
Ph: (202) 223-2069
Party name: Foundation Against Intolerance & Racism


Mitchell Keiter
Counsel of Record
Keiter Appellate Law
The Beverly Hills Law Building, 424 South Beverly Drive
Beverly Hills, CA 90212
mitchell.keiter@gmail.com
Ph: 13105538533
Party name: Freedom X


George Roger King
Counsel of Record
HR Policy Association
1001 19th St., North
Suite 1002
Arlington, VA 22209
rking@hrpolicy.org
Ph: 6145823939
Party name: HR Policy Association


Peter Nicholas Kirsanow
Counsel of Record
Benesch, Friedlander, Coplan & Aronoff LLP
200 Public Square, Suite 2300
Cleveland, OH 44114
pkirsanow@beneschlaw.com
Ph: 2163634500
Party name: Gail Heriot and Peter N. Kirsanow


Yelena Konanova
Counsel of Record
Selendy Gay Elsberg PLLC
1290 Avenue of the Americas
New York, NY 10104
lkonanova@selendygay.com
Ph: (212) 390-9000
Party name: National Academy of Education


Cory Ren Liu
Counsel of Record
Ashcroft Law Firm LLC
919 Congress Ave.
Ste. 1325
Austin, TX 78701
cliu@ashcroftlawfirm.com
Ph: 512-370-1800
Party name: Professor David E. Bernstein


Robert Allen Long Jr.
Counsel of Record
Covington & Burling, LLP
One CityCenter
850 Tenth St., NW
Washington, DC 20001
rlong@cov.com
Ph: 202-662-5612
Party name: United States Senators and Former Senators


Laurel Pyke Malson
Counsel of Record
Crowell & Moring LLP
1001 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW
Washington, DC 20004
lmalson@crowell.com
Ph: 2026242500
Party name: HBCU Leaders and National Association for Equal Opportunity in Higher Education


Susan Leann Baker Manning
Counsel of Record
Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP
1111 Pennsylvania Ave., NW
Washington, DC 20004
susan.manning@morganlewis.com
Ph: 202-739-6000
Party name: Empirical Scholars


Mithun Mansinghani
Counsel of Record
Solicitor General
Office of the Oklahoma Attorney General
313 NE 21st Street
Oklahoma City, OK 73105
mithun.mansinghani@oag.ok.gov
Ph: 405-522-4392
Party name: Oklahoma, et al.


Stephen Robert McAllister
Counsel of Record
Dentons US LLP
4520 Main Street
Suite 1100
Kansas City, MO 64111-7700
stephen.mcallister@dentons.com
Ph: 7855505180
Party name: The LawFirm Antiracism Alliance


Charles Luther McCloud
Counsel of Record
Williams & Connolly LLP
680 Maine Avenue, S.W.
Washington, DC 20024
lmccloud@wc.com
Ph: 202-434-5586
Party name: Southern Governors


Christopher Ernest Mills
Counsel of Record
Spero Law LLC
557 East Bay Street #22251
Charleston, SC 29413
cmills@spero.law
Ph: 8436060640
Party name: Parents Defending Education


Jonathan F. Mitchell
Counsel of Record
Mitchell Law PLLC
111 Congress Avenue
Suite 400
Austin, TX 78701
jonathan@mitchell.law
Ph: (512) 686-3940
Party name: America First Legal Foundation


Daniel Isaac Morenoff
Counsel of Record
The Equal Voting Rights Institute d/b/a The American Civil Rights Project
P.O. Box 12207
Dallas, TX 75225
dan@americancivilrightsproject.org
Ph: (214) 504-1835
Party name: The Californians for Equal Rights Foundation


Kerry Lee Morgan
Counsel of Record
Kerry L. Morgan
2915 Biddle Avenue
Suite 200
Wyandotte, MI 48192
kmorgan@pck-law.com
Ph: 7342817100
Party name: LONANG Institute


Alan B. Morrison
Counsel of Record
George Washington Law School
2000 H Street NW
Washington, DC 20052
abmorrison@law.gwu.edu
Ph: 2029947120
Party name: Professor Fiona A. Harrison


Emily Kanstroom Musgrave
Counsel of Record
Mintz,Levin,Cohn,Ferris,GlovskyandPopeo,P.C.
One Financial Center
Boston, MA 02111
EKMusgrave@mintz.com
Ph: 6173484407
Party name: Multicultural Media, Telecom and Internet Council, Inc., National Association of Black Owned Broadcasters, National Hispanic Foundation for The Arts, Emma Bowen Foundation for Minority Interests In Media, and National Newspaper Publishers Association


Crystal Nix-Hines
Counsel of Record
Quinn Emanuel Urquhart & Sullivan, LLP
865 S. Figueroa Street
10th Floor
Los Angeles, CA 90017
crystalnixhines@quinnemanuel.com
Ph: (213) 443-3000
Party name: Georgetown University, et al.


Alice Margaret O'Brien
Counsel of Record
National Education Association
1201 16th Street, NW
Washington, DC 20036
aobrien@nea.org
Ph: 202 822 7035
Party name: National Education Association et al.


David Benjamin Oppenheimer
Counsel of Record
Berkeley Law
Clinical Professor of Law
498 Simon Hall
Berkeley, CA 94720
doppenheimer@law.berkeley.edu
Ph: (510) 326-3865
Party name: Deans of U.S. Law Schools


Mark Alexander Packman
Counsel of Record
Gilbert LLP
700 Pennsylvania Avenue, SE
Suite 400
Washington, DC 20003
packmanm@gilbertlegal.com
Ph: 202-772-2320
Party name: Deborah Cohen and 67 Other Professors


Neil Anthony Friedman Popovic
Counsel of Record
Sheppard Mullin Richter & Hampton LLP
Four Embarcadero Center
17th Floor
San Francisco, CA 94111
npopovic@sheppardmullin.com
Ph: 415.434.9100
Party name: Human Rights Advocates, et al.


Michael M. Purpura
Counsel of Record
Hueston Hennigan LLP
620 Newport Center Dr.
Suite 1300
Newport Beach, CA 92660
mpurpura@hueston.com
Ph: 949-432-6906
Party name: Adm. Charles S. Abbot, Adm. Dennis C. Blair, Gen. Charles F. Bolden, Jr., Gen. Thomas P. Bostick, Gen. Vincent K. Brooks, Adm. Walter E. Carter, Jr., et al.


Dean Richlin
Counsel of Record
Foley Hoag LLP
155 Seaport Blvd.
Boston, MA 02210
drichlin@foleyhoag.com
Ph: 617-832-1140
Party name: Asian American Legal Defense and Education Fund


Elizabeth Ann Ritvo
Counsel of Record
Brown, Rudnick LLP
One Financial Center
Boston, MA 02111
eritvo@brownrudnick.com
Ph: 617-856-8249
Party name: American G.I. Forum, et al.


Roberto Andres Rivera-Soto
Counsel of Record
Ballard Spahr LLP
700 East Gate Drive
Suite 330
Cherry Hill, NJ 08054
riverasotor@ballardspahr.com
Ph: (856) 761-3416
Party name: Asian Americans Advancing Justice and 37 Organizations


Kevin K. Russell
Counsel of Record
Goldstein and Russell, P.C.
7475 Wisconsin Avenue
Suite 850
Bethesda, MD 20814
krussell@goldsteinrussell.com
Ph: 2023620636
Party name: American Federation of Teachers


Dennis J. Saffran
Counsel of Record
Dennis Saffran, Attorney at Law
38-18 West Drive
Douglaston, NY 11363
djsaffranlaw@gmail.com
Ph: (718) 428-7156
Party name: National Association of Scholars


Jaime Ann Santos
Counsel of Record
Goodwin Procter LLP
1900 N St. NW
Washington, DC 20036
jsantos@goodwinlaw.com
Ph: 2023464034
Party name: National Association of Basketball Coaches, et al.


Gene Clayton Schaerr
Counsel of Record
Schaerr | Jaffe
1717 K Street NW, Suite 900
Washington, DC 20006
gschaerr@schaerr-jaffe.com
Ph: 202-787-1060
Party name: Veterans for Fairness and Merit


Marilynn Louise Schuyler
Counsel of Record
Fisher & Phillips LLP
1 Montgomery Street
Suite 3400
San Franscisco, CA 94104
schuyler@schuyleraap.com
Ph: 415-926-7642
Party name: American Association for Access, Equity and Diversity and Fund for Leadership, Equity, Access and Diversity


Jay Alan Sekulow
Counsel of Record
American Center for Law and Justice
201 Maryland Avenue, N.E.
Washington, DC 20002
sekulow@aclj.org
Ph: 2025468890
Party name: American Center for Law & Justice and Devon Westhill


Pratik Arvind Shah
Counsel of Record
Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld, LLP
2001 K Street N.W.
Washington, DC 20006
pshah@akingump.com
Ph: 202-887-4210
Party name: National School Boards Association, National Association of Elementary School Principals, American Association of School Administrators, and American School Counselors Association


Melissa Arbus Sherry
Counsel of Record
Latham & Watkins LLP
555 Eleventh Street, NW
Suite 1000
Washington, DC 20004
melissa.sherry@lw.com
Ph: 202-637-2200
Party name: The American Psychological Association, The Massachusetts Psychological Association, and The North Carolina Psychological Association


Richard A. Simpson
Counsel of Record
160 Ridge Road
Chapel Hill, NC 27599
RASUNC@GMAIL.COM
Ph: (202) 374-4634
Party name: F. Andrew Hessick


Richard Craig Smith
Counsel of Record
Linklaters LLP
601 13th Street NW, Suite 400 South
Washington, DC 20005
richard.smith@linklaters.com
Ph: 202-654-9265
Party name: National Women's Law Center and 37 Additional Organizations Committed to Race and Gender Equality


Judd Edward Stone II
Counsel of Record
Texas Attorney General's Office
P.O. Box 12548 (MC 059)
Austin, TX 78711-2548
judd.stone@oag.texas.gov
Ph: 512-936-1700
Party name: The State of Texas


Daniel Robert Suhr
Counsel of Record
Liberty Justice Center
440 N. Wells Street
Suite 200
Chicago, IL 60654
dsuhr@libertyjusticecenter.org
Ph: 3126372280
Party name: The Liberty Justice Center and Momoko Takahashi


John Clay Sullivan
Counsel of Record
S|L Law PLLC
610 Uptown Blvd., Suite 2000
Cedar Hill, TX 75104
john.sullivan@the-sl-lawfirm.com
Ph: 14695231351
Party name: Defense of Freedom Institute for Policy Studies


Stuart S. Taylor Jr.
Counsel of Record
3911 Jocelyn St. NW
Washington, DC 20015
stuarttaylorjr@gmail.com
Ph: 202-365-1812
Party name: Ann M. Killenbeck and Mark R. Killenbeck


Stuart S. Taylor Jr.
Counsel of Record
Self-employed
3911 Jocelyn St. NW
Washington, DC 20015
stuarttaylorjr@gmail.com
Ph: 202-365-1812
Party name: Richard Sander


Elisabeth Susan Theodore
Counsel of Record
Arnold & Porter Kaye Scholer LLP
601 Massachusetts Ave, NW
Washington, DC 20001
elisabeth.theodore@arnoldporter.com
Ph: 202-942-5891
Party name: Students and Alumni of Harvard College


David H. Thompson
Counsel of Record
Cooper & Kirk, PLLC
1523 New Hampshire Avenue, N.W.
Washington, DC 20036
dthompson@cooperkirk.com
Ph: 202-220-9600
Party name: Project 21


Raymond Patrick Tolentino
Counsel of Record
Kaplan Hecker & Fink LLP
1050 K Street NW, Suite 1040
Washington, DC 20001
rtolentino@kaplanhecker.com
Ph: (212) 763-0883
Party name: Black Women Law Scholars


William E. Trachman
Counsel of Record
Mountain States Legal Foundation
2596 South Lewis Way
Lakewood, CO 80227
wtrachman@mslegal.org
Ph: 3032922021
Party name: Former Federal Officials of the Department of Education's Office for Civil Rights


Michaele N Turnage Young
Counsel of Record
NAACP Legal Defense & Educational Fund, Inc.
700 14th Street NW
6th Floor
Washington, DC 20005
mturnageyoung@naacpldf.org
Ph: (202) 216-5567
Party name: 25 Harvard Student and Alumni Organizations


Reginald M. Turner Jr.
Counsel of Record
American Bar Association
321 North Clark Street
Chicao, IL 60654
abapresident@americanbar.org
Ph: (312) 988-5000
Party name: The American Bar Association


Jonathan Andrew Vogel
Counsel of Record
Vogel Law Firm PLLC
6000 Fairview Road
South Park Towers, Suite 1200
Charlotte, NC 28210
jonathan.vogel@vogelpllc.com
Ph: 704-552-3750
Party name: The Louis D. Brandeis Center for Human Rights Under Law and the Silicon Valley Chinese Association Foundation


Edward Mark Wenger
Counsel of Record
Holtzman Vogel Baran Torchinsky & Josefiak PLLC
2300 N Street NW
Suite 643A
Washington, DC 20037
emwenger@HolzmanVogel.com
Ph: 202-737-8808
Party name: Former Attorney General Edwin Meese III


Daniel Hirotsu Woofter
Counsel of Record
Goldstein & Russell, P.C.
7475 Wisconsin Ave., Suite 850
Bethesda, MD 20814
dw@goldsteinrussell.com
Ph: (202) 362-0636
Party name: 1,241 Social Scientists and Scholars on College Access, Asian American Studies, and Race


Mark Remy Yohalem
Counsel of Record
Wilson Sonsini Goodrich & Rosati
633 West Fifth Street
Suite 1550
Los Angeles, CA 90071
mark.yohalem@wsgr.com
Ph: 323-210-2958
Party name: 25 Diverse, California-Focused Bar Associations, Lawyers Associations, Civil Rights Organizations, and Community Foundations