No. 20-1088
 
Title: David Carson, as Parent and Next Friend of O. C., et al., Petitioners
v.
A. Pender Makin
Docketed: February 9, 2021
Lower Ct: United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit
   Case Numbers: (19-1746)
   Decision Date: October 29, 2020
Questions Presented
 
Proceedings and Orders
Feb 04 2021 Petition for a writ of certiorari filed. (Response due March 11, 2021)
Petition Appendix Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Feb 26 2021 Blanket Consent filed by Petitioner, David Carson, et al.
Blanket Consent
Mar 09 2021 Brief amici curiae of Americans for Prosperity Foundation and yes. every kid. filed.
Main Document Proof of Service Certificate of Word Count
Mar 09 2021 Waiver of right of respondent A. Pender Makin to respond filed.
Main Document
Mar 11 2021 Brief amicus curiae of Jewish Coalition of Religious Liberty filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Mar 11 2021 Brief amici curiae of Council of Islamic Schools in North America, Partnership for Inner-City Education, and Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations of America filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Mar 11 2021 Brief amici curiae of Innovative Schools filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Mar 11 2021 Brief amici curiae of National Legal Foundation, et al. filed.
Main Document Proof of Service Certificate of Word Count
Mar 11 2021 Brief amicus curiae of EdChoice filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Mar 11 2021 Brief amici curiae of Liberty Justice Center,et al. filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Mar 11 2021 Brief amici curiae of Christian Legal Society filed.
Main Document Proof of Service Certificate of Word Count
Mar 11 2021 Brief amici curiae of States of Arkansas, et al. filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Mar 11 2021 Brief amicus curiae of Foundation for Moral Law filed. (Distributed)
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Mar 16 2021 DISTRIBUTED for Conference of 4/1/2021.
Mar 22 2021 Response Requested. (Due April 21, 2021)
Mar 26 2021 Motion to extend the time to file a response from April 21, 2021 to May 21, 2021, submitted to The Clerk.
Main Document
Mar 29 2021 Motion to extend the time to file a response is granted and the time is extended to and including May 21, 2021.
Apr 07 2021 Brief amicus curiae of American Center for Law and Justice filed.
Main Document Proof of Service Certificate of Word Count
May 21 2021 Brief of respondent A. Pender Makin in opposition filed.
Main Document Proof of Service Certificate of Word Count
Jun 03 2021 Reply of petitioners David Carson, et al. filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Jun 07 2021 Supplemental brief of petitioners David Carson, et al. filed. (Distributed)
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Jun 08 2021 DISTRIBUTED for Conference of 6/24/2021.
Jul 01 2021 DISTRIBUTED for Conference of 7/1/2021.
Jul 02 2021 Petition GRANTED.
Jul 09 2021 Motion for an extension of time to file the briefs on the merits filed.
Main Document
Jul 09 2021 Blanket Consent filed by Petitioner, David Carson, et al.
Blanket Consent
Jul 12 2021 Motion to extend the time to file the briefs on the merits granted. The time to file the joint appendix and petitioners' brief on the merits is extended to and including September 3, 2021. The time to file respondent's brief on the merits is extended to and including October 22, 2021.
Jul 14 2021 Blanket Consent filed by Respondent, A. Pender Makin
Blanket Consent
Sep 03 2021 Brief of petitioners David Carson, et al. filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Sep 03 2021 Joint appendix filed. (Statement of costs filed)
Main Document Proof of Service
Sep 07 2021 Brief amici curiae of World Faith Foundation, et al. filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Sep 08 2021 Brief amicus curiae of American Center for Law and Justice filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Sep 08 2021 Brief amicus curiae of Professor Michael W. McConnell filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Sep 09 2021 Brief amici curiae of Liberty Justice Center, et al. filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Sep 09 2021 Brief amici curiae of Americans for Prosperity Foundation, et al. filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Sep 09 2021 Brief amicus curiae of Foundation for Moral Law filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Sep 10 2021 Brief amicus curiae of The Becket Fund for Religious Liberty filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Sep 10 2021 Brief amicus curiae of Jewish Coalition of Religious Liberty filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Sep 10 2021 Brief amicus curiae of Professor Charles L. Glenn filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Sep 10 2021 Brief amicus curiae of Members of the United States Senate filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Sep 10 2021 Brief amicus curiae of The Buckeye Institute filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Sep 10 2021 Brief amicus curiae of Professor Ashley R. Berner filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Sep 10 2021 Brief amici curiae of Christian Legal Society, et al., filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Sep 10 2021 Brief amicus curiae of Protect the First Foundation filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Sep 10 2021 Brief amicus curiae of Freedom X filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Sep 10 2021 Brief amicus curiae of Advancing American Freedom filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Sep 10 2021 Brief amici curiae of Partnership for Inner-City Education, et al. filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Sep 10 2021 Brief amicus curiae of Claremont Institute's Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Sep 10 2021 Brief amicus curiae of Pioneer Institute filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Sep 10 2021 Brief amicus curiae of Independent Women's Law Center and Independent Women's Forum filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Sep 10 2021 Brief amici curiae of Concerned Women for America, et al. filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Sep 10 2021 Brief amicus curiae of Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations of America filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Sep 10 2021 Brief amici curiae of Innovative Schools filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Sep 10 2021 Brief amici curiae of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, et al. filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Sep 10 2021 Brief amici curiae of EdChoice, et al. filed.
Main Document Proof of Service Certificate of Word Count
Sep 10 2021 Brief amici curiae of The Southern Christian Leadership Conference - Memphis Chapter, et al. filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Sep 10 2021 Brief amici curiae of Arkansas, et al.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Sep 10 2021 Brief amicus curiae of Defense of Freedom Institute for Policy Studies, Inc. filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Sep 10 2021 Brief amicus curiae of Hillsdale College filed.
Main Document Proof of Service Certificate of Word Count
Sep 10 2021 Brief amici curiae of National Jewish Commission on Law and Public Affairs (COLPA), et al. filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Sep 10 2021 Brief amicus curiae of The Cato Institute filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Sep 10 2021 Brief amicus curiae of The Stanley M. Herzog Charitable Foundation filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Sep 10 2021 Brief amicus curiae of Georgia Goal Scholarship Program, Inc. filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Sep 20 2021 SET FOR ARGUMENT on Wednesday, December 8, 2021.
Sep 27 2021 Record requested from the U.S.C.A. 1st Circuit.
Oct 04 2021 The record from the U.S.C.A. 1st Circuit is electronic and located on Pacer also received is one envelope with the Joint Appendix.
Oct 08 2021 The record from the U.S.D.C. District Court of Maine is electronic and located on Pacer.
Oct 22 2021 Brief of respondent A. Pender Makin filed.
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Oct 28 2021 Brief amicus curiae of State of Vermont filed. (Distributed)
Main Document Other Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Oct 29 2021 CIRCULATED
Oct 29 2021 Brief amici curiae of National School Boards Association, et al. filed. (Distributed)
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Oct 29 2021 Brief amici curiae of National Education Association, et al. filed. (Distributed)
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Oct 29 2021 Brief amici curiae of Virginia, California, Delaware, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New Mexico, New York, Oregon, Washington, and the District of Columbia filed. (Distributed)
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Oct 29 2021 Brief amici curiae of Education and Constitutional Law Scholars filed. (Distributed)
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Oct 29 2021 Brief amicus curiae of United States filed. (Distributed)
Main Document Proof of Service
Oct 29 2021 Brief amicus curiae of Public Funds Public Schools filed.
Main Document Proof of Service Certificate of Word Count
Oct 29 2021 Brief amici curiae of The Freedom From Religion Foundation and Center for Inquiry filed. (Distributed)
Main Document Proof of Service Certificate of Word Count
Oct 29 2021 Brief amicus curiae of American Atheists, Inc. filed. (Distributed)
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Oct 29 2021 Brief amici curiae of Advancement Project, et al. filed. (Distributed)
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Oct 29 2021 Brief amici curiae of Religious and Civil-Rights Organizations, et al. filed. (Distributed)
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Oct 29 2021 Brief amici curiae of Maine School Management Association, et al. filed. (Distributed)
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Oct 29 2021 Motion of the Solicitor General for leave to participate in oral argument as amicus curiae, for divided argument, and for enlargement of time for oral argument filed.
Proof of Service Main Document
Nov 08 2021 Motion of the Solicitor General for leave to participate in oral argument as amicus curiae, for divided argument, and for enlargement of time for oral argument GRANTED.
Nov 22 2021 Reply of petitioners David Carson, et al. filed. (Distributed)
Main Document Certificate of Word Count Proof of Service
Dec 08 2021 Argued. For petitioners: Michael Bindas, Seattle, Wash. For respondent: Christopher C. Taub, Chief Deputy Attorney General, Augusta, Me.; and Malcolm L. Stewart, Deputy Solicitor General, Department of Justice, Washington, D. C. (for United States, as amicus curiae.)
Jan 28 2022 Letter from the Commonwealth of Virginia to the Court notifying the Court of the Commonwealth’s change in position filed (Revised letter of 2/18/2022). (Distributed)
Main Document
Jun 21 2022 Judgment REVERSED and case REMANDED. Roberts, C. J., delivered the opinion of the Court, in which Thomas, Alito, Gorsuch, Kavanaugh, and Barrett, JJ., joined. Breyer, J., filed a dissenting opinion, in which Kagan, J., joined, and in which Sotomayor, J., joined as to all but Part I–B. Sotomayor, J., filed a dissenting opinion.
Jul 25 2022 JUDGMENT ISSUED
Attorneys
Attorneys for Petitioners
Michael Eugene Bindas
Counsel of Record
Institute for Justice
600 University Street
Suite 1730
Seattle, WA 98101

mbindas@ij.org
Ph: 2069571300
Party name: David Carson, et al.


Attorneys for Respondents
Sarah Ann Forster
Counsel of Record
Office of the Attorney General
6 State House Station
Augusta, ME 04333

sarah.forster@maine.gov
Ph: 2076268866
Party name: A. Pender Makin


Other Attorneys
Geoffrey Thomas Blackwell
Counsel of Record
American Atheists, Inc.
1201 S. Courthouse Rd.
#425
Arlington, VA 22204

legal@atheists.org
Ph: (908) 276-7300
Party name: American Atheists, Inc.


David Boies
Counsel of Record
Boies, Schiller & Flexner LLP
Boies Schiller Flexner LLP
55 Hudson Yards
New York, NY 10001

dboies@bsfllp.com
Ph: (914) 749-8200
Party name: Defense of Freedom Institute for Policy Studies, Inc.


Nicholas Jacob Bronni
Counsel of Record
Solicitor General of Arkansas
Arkansas Attorney General's Office
323 Center St., Suite 200
Little Rock, AR 72201

nicholas.bronni@arkansasag.gov
Ph: 501-682-6302
Party name: The States of Arkansas, Alabama, Arizona, Georgia, Florida, Idaho, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, New Hampshire, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, and West Virginia


Nicholas Jacob Bronni
Counsel of Record
Solicitor General of Arkansas
Arkansas Attorney General's Office
323 Center St., Suite 200
Little Rock, AR 72201

nicholas.bronni@arkansasag.gov
Ph: 501-682-6302
Party name: States of Arkansas, Alabama, Arizona, Georgia, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, and West Virginia


Michael Alan Brown
Counsel of Record
Nelson Mullins Riley and Scarborough LLP
100 S. Charles Street
Suite 1600
Baltimore, MD 21201

mike.brown@nelsonmullins.com
Ph: (443) 392-9401
Party name: Education and Constitutional Law Scholars


Arthur Joseph Burke
Counsel of Record
Davis Polk & Wardell LLP
450 Lexington Ave
New York, NY 10017

arthur.burke@davispolk.com
Ph: 212-450-4352
Party name: The Southern Christian Leadership Conference - Memphis Chapter, Rev. Vernon Horner, Deborah L. Womack, Deacon George Womack, and Rev. Steven Joiner


John J. Bursch
Counsel of Record
Alliance Defending Freedom
440 First Street NW
Suite 600
Washington, DC 20001

jbursch@adflegal.org
Ph: (616) 450-4235
Party name: Jewish Coalition of Religious Liberty


Anthony Thomas Caso
Counsel of Record
Constitutional Counsel Group
174 W. Lincoln Ave., #620
Anaheim, CA 92805

atcaso@ccg1776.com
Ph: 916-601-1916
Party name: Claremont Institute's Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence


Frederick W. Claybrook Jr.
Counsel of Record
Claybrook, LLC
700 Sixth St., NW, Ste. 430
Washington, DC 20001

rick@claybrooklaw.com
Ph: 202-250-3833
Party name: Concerned Women for America, et al.


Frederick W. Claybrook Jr.
Counsel of Record
Claybrook, LLC
700 Sixth St., NW, Ste.430
Washington, DC 20001

rick@claybrooklaw.com
Ph: 202-250-3833
Party name: National Legal Foundation, et al.


Kimberlee Wood Colby
Counsel of Record
Christian Legal Society
8001 Braddock Rd., Suite 302
Springfield, VA 22151

kcolby@clsnet.org
Ph: 703-894-1087
Party name: Christian Legal Society, et al.,


Cynthia Fleming Crawford
Counsel of Record
Cause of Action Institute
1310 N. Courthouse Road
7th Floor
Arlington, VA 22201

cynthia.crawford@causeofaction.org
Ph: 5713292227
Party name: Americans for Prosperity Foundation; Yes. Every Kid.


Cynthia Fleming Crawford
Counsel of Record
Americans for Prosperity Foundation
1310 N. Courthouse Road
7th Floor
Arlington, VA 22201

ccrawford@afphq.org
Ph: 5713292227
Party name: Americans for Prosperity Foundation and yes. every kid.


Joshua Daniel Davey
Counsel of Record
Troutman Pepper Hamilton Sanders LLP
301 S. College Street
34th Floor
Charlotte, NC 28202

jdavey@mcguirewoods.com
Ph: (704) 916-1503
Party name: Members of the United States Senate


Elizabeth Napier Dewar
Counsel of Record
Office of the Attorney General
One Ashburton Place
Boston, MA 02108

bessie.dewar@mass.gov
Ph: 617-963-2204
Party name: Massachusetts, California, Delaware, Minnesota, New Mexico, New York, Oregon, Washington, and the District of Columbia


Dominic Emil Draye
Counsel of Record
Greenberg Traurig LLP
2101 L Street, NW
Washington, DC 20037

drayed@gtlaw.com
Ph: (202) 331-3168
Party name: Professor Ashley R. Berner


John Allen Eidsmoe
Counsel of Record
Foundation for Moral Law
One Dexter Avenue
Montgomery, AL 36104

eidsmoeja@juno.com
Ph: 3342621245
Party name: Foundation for Moral Law


Patrick C Elliott
Counsel of Record
Freedom From Religion Foundation
PO BOX 750
Madison, WI 53701

pelliott@ffrf.org
Ph: 6082568900
Party name: The Freedom From Religion Foundation and Center for Inquiry


Andrew Nathan Ferguson
Counsel of Record
Virginia Office of the Attorney General
202 North 9th St.
Richmond, VA 23219

AFerguson@oag.state.va.us
Ph: 8047867704
Party name: Virginia


Michael Crow Gilleran
Counsel of Record
FisherBroyles, LLP
470 Atlantic Avenue
Boston, MA 02210

michael.gilleran@fisherbroyles.com
Ph: 3392371384
Party name: Pioneer Institute


Richard Shawn Gunnarson
Counsel of Record
Kirton McConkie
Key Bank Tower
36 South State Street, Suite 1900
Salt Lake City, UT 84111

sgunnarson@kmclaw.com
Ph: 801-323-5907
Party name: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, et al.


Sarah Michelle Harris
Counsel of Record
Williams & Connolly LLP
725 Twelfth Street, N.W.
Washington, DC 20005

sharris@wc.com
Ph: 202-434-5000
Party name: Professor Charles L. Glenn


Eric Robert Herlan
Counsel of Record
Drummond Woodsum
84 Marginal Way, Suite 600
Portland, ME 04101-2480

erherlan@dwmlaw.com
Ph: 207-772-1941
Party name: Maine School Management Association, Maine School Superintendents Association, Maine School Board Assocation


Leslie Davis Hiner
Counsel of Record
EdChoice
111 Monument Circle, Suite 2650
lndianapolis, IN 46204

leslie@edchoice.org
Ph: 317-681-0745
Party name: EdChoice and Maine Policy Institute


James L. Hirsen
Counsel of Record
Suite 101
505 S. Villa Real Drive
Anaheim Hills, CA 92807

james@jameshirsen.com
Ph: (714) 283-8880
Party name: World Faith Foundation and Institute for Faith and Family in Support


Allyson Ho
Counsel of Record
Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP
2100 McKinney Avenue
Suite 1100
Dallas, TX 75201

aho@gibsondunn.com
Ph: 214-698-3100
Party name: Innovative Schools


Kirk Christopher Jenkins
Counsel of Record
Arnold & Porter Kaye Scholer LLP
Three Embarcadero Center
10th Floor
San Francisco, CA 94111-4024

kirk.jenkins@arnoldporter.com
Ph: 4154713100
Party name: Advancement Project, Journey for Justice Alliance, Alliance for Educational Justice, Gsa Network


Mitchell Keiter
Counsel of Record
Keiter Appellate Law
The Beverly Hills Law Building, 424 South Beverly Drive
Beverly Hills, CA 90212

mitchell.keiter@gmail.com
Ph: 13105538533
Party name: Freedom X


James Patrick Kelly III
Counsel of Record
Solidarity Ctr./Law & Justice
3740 Davinci Court
Suite 375
Peachtree Corners, GA 30092

jamespkellyiii@gmail.com
Ph: 678-231-1209
Party name: Georgia Goal Scholarship Program, Inc.


Nathan Lewin
Counsel of Record
Lewin & Lewin, LLP
888 17th St. NW, 4th Floor
Washington, DC 20006

nat@lewinlewin.com
Ph: 2028281000
Party name: National Jewish Commission on Law and Public Affairs (COLPA)


Jonathan Philip Lienhard
Counsel of Record
Holtzman Vogel Baran Torchinsky Josefiak PLLC
15405 John Marshall Hwy
Haymarket, VA 20169

jlienhard@holtzmanvogel.com
Ph: 15403418808
Party name: The Stanley M. Herzog Charitable Foundation


Alexander J. Luchenitser
Counsel of Record
Americans United for Separation of Church and State
1310 L Street NW
Suite 200
Washington, DC 20005

luchenitser@au.org
Ph: 202-466-7306
Party name: Religious and Civil-Rights Organizations (Americans United for Separation of Church and State, et al.)


Michael Hugh McGinley
Counsel of Record
Dechert LLP
1900 K Street, NW
Washington, DC 20006

michael.mcginley@dechert.com
Ph: 202-261-3378
Party name: Brief for Council of Islamic Schools in North America, Partnership for Inner-City Education, and Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations of America


Michael Hugh McGinley
Counsel of Record
Dechert LLP
1900 K Street, NW
Washington, DC 20006

michael.mcginley@dechert.com
Ph: 202-261-3378
Party name: Partnership for Inner-City Education, Council of Islamic Schools in North America, and National Council of Young Israel


Russell Charles Menyhart
Taft Stettinius & Hollister
0ne lndiana Square. Ste 3500
lndianapolis, IN 46204

rmenyhart@taftlaw.com
Ph: 3177139423
Party name: EdChoice and Maine Policy Institute


Francisco Maria Negron Jr.
Counsel of Record
National School Boards Association
1680 Duke St., FL 2
Alexandria, VA 22314

fnegron@nsba.org
Ph: 7038386722
Party name: National School Boards Association et al.


L. Martin Nussbaum
Counsel of Record
Nussbaum Speir Gleason PLLC
2 N. Cascade Avenue
Suite 1430
Colorado Springs, CO 80903

martin@nussbaumspeir.com
Ph: (719) 428-1919
Party name: Professor Michael W. McConnell


Larry James Obhof Jr.
Counsel of Record
Shumaker, Loop and Kendrick LLP
2400 Huntington Center
41 South High Street
Columbus, OH 43215

lobhof@shumaker.com
Ph: (614) 628-4433
Party name: The Buckeye Institute


Elizabeth B. Prelogar
Solicitor General
United States Department of Justice
950 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW
Washington, DC 20530-0001

SUPREMECTBRIEFS@USDOJ.GOV
Ph: 202-514-2217
Party name: United States


Eric Christopher Rassbach
Counsel of Record
The Becket Fund for Religious Liberty
1919 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW
Suite 400
Washington, DC 20006

erassbach@becketlaw.org
Ph: 2029550095
Party name: The Becket Fund for Religious Liberty


Ramya Ravindran
Counsel of Record
Bredhoff & Kaiser, P.L.L.C.
805 15th Street, N.W. Suite 1000
Washington, DC 20005

rravindran@bredhoff.com
Ph: 2028422600
Party name: National Education Association, et al.


Paul Joseph Ray
Counsel of Record
750 17th St. Northwest, Suite 1000
Washington, DC 20006

pjr@beaufortstrategies.com
Ph: 19102809652
Party name: Hillsdale College


Gene Clayton Schaerr
Counsel of Record
Schaerr | Jaffe
1717 K Street NW, Suite 900
Washington, DC 20006

gschaerr@schaerr-jaffe.com
Ph: 202-787-1060
Party name: Protect the First Foundation


Jay Alan Sekulow
Counsel of Record
American Center for Law and Justice
201 Maryland Avenue, N.E.
Washington, DC 20002

sekulow@aclj.org
Ph: 2025468890
Party name: American Center for Law and Justice


Ilya Shapiro
Counsel of Record
Cato Institute
1000 Massachusetts Ave., NW
Washington, DC 20001

ishapiro@cato.org
Ph: 2028420200
Party name: The Cato Institute


Matthew Jared Sheehan
Counsel of Record
Advancing American Freedom, Inc.
801 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W.
Washington, DC 20004

matt@advancingamericanfreedom.com
Ph: (570) 294-1039
Party name: Advancing American Freedom


Richard A. Simpson
Counsel of Record
Wiley Rein, LLP
1776 K Street, NW
Washington, DC 20006

rsimpson@wiley.law
Ph: 202-719-7314
Party name: Public Funds Public Schools


Daniel Robert Suhr
Counsel of Record
Liberty Justice Center
141 W. Jackson St.
Suite 1065
Chicago, IL 60604

dsuhr@libertyjusticecenter.org
Ph: 312-637-2280
Party name: Liberty Justice Center


Gordon Dwyer Todd
Counsel of Record
Sidley Austin LLP
1501 K Street, N.W.
Washington, DC 22305

gtodd@sidley.com
Ph: (202) 736-8760
Party name: Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations of America


Edward Mark Wenger
Counsel of Record
Holtzman Vogel Baran Torchinsky & Josefiak PLLC
2300 N Street, NW
Suite 643A
Washington, DC 20037

emwenger@HoltzmanVogel.com
Ph: 2027378808
Party name: Independent Women's Law Center and Independent Women's Forum