| No. 20-1088 | |
| Title: | David Carson, as Parent and Next Friend of O. C., et al., Petitioners v. A. Pender Makin |
| Docketed: | February 9, 2021 |
| Lower Ct: | United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit |
| Case Numbers: | (19-1746) |
| Decision Date: | October 29, 2020 |
| Questions Presented | |
| Date | Proceedings and Orders |
| Feb 04 2021 | Petition for a writ of certiorari filed. (Response due March 11, 2021) |
| PetitionAppendixCertificate of Word CountProof of Service | |
| Feb 26 2021 | Blanket Consent filed by Petitioner, David Carson, et al. |
| Blanket Consent | |
| Mar 09 2021 | Brief amici curiae of Americans for Prosperity Foundation and yes. every kid. filed. |
| Main DocumentProof of ServiceCertificate of Word Count | |
| Mar 09 2021 | Waiver of right of respondent A. Pender Makin to respond filed. |
| Main Document | |
| Mar 11 2021 | Brief amicus curiae of Jewish Coalition of Religious Liberty filed. |
| Main DocumentCertificate of Word CountProof of Service | |
| Mar 11 2021 | Brief amici curiae of Council of Islamic Schools in North America, Partnership for Inner-City Education, and Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations of America filed. |
| Main DocumentCertificate of Word CountProof of Service | |
| Mar 11 2021 | Brief amici curiae of Innovative Schools filed. |
| Main DocumentCertificate of Word CountProof of Service | |
| Mar 11 2021 | Brief amici curiae of National Legal Foundation, et al. filed. |
| Main DocumentProof of ServiceCertificate of Word Count | |
| Mar 11 2021 | Brief amicus curiae of EdChoice filed. |
| Main DocumentCertificate of Word CountProof of Service | |
| Mar 11 2021 | Brief amici curiae of Liberty Justice Center,et al. filed. |
| Main DocumentCertificate of Word CountProof of Service | |
| Mar 11 2021 | Brief amici curiae of Christian Legal Society filed. |
| Main DocumentProof of ServiceCertificate of Word Count | |
| Mar 11 2021 | Brief amici curiae of States of Arkansas, et al. filed. |
| Main DocumentCertificate of Word CountProof of Service | |
| Mar 11 2021 | Brief amicus curiae of Foundation for Moral Law filed. (Distributed) |
| Main DocumentCertificate of Word CountProof of Service | |
| Mar 16 2021 | DISTRIBUTED for Conference of 4/1/2021. |
| Mar 22 2021 | Response Requested. (Due April 21, 2021) |
| Mar 26 2021 | Motion to extend the time to file a response from April 21, 2021 to May 21, 2021, submitted to The Clerk. |
| Main Document | |
| Mar 29 2021 | Motion to extend the time to file a response is granted and the time is extended to and including May 21, 2021. |
| Apr 07 2021 | Brief amicus curiae of American Center for Law and Justice filed. |
| Main DocumentProof of ServiceCertificate of Word Count | |
| May 21 2021 | Brief of respondent A. Pender Makin in opposition filed. |
| Main DocumentProof of ServiceCertificate of Word Count | |
| Jun 03 2021 | Reply of petitioners David Carson, et al. filed. |
| Main DocumentCertificate of Word CountProof of Service | |
| Jun 07 2021 | Supplemental brief of petitioners David Carson, et al. filed. (Distributed) |
| Main DocumentCertificate of Word CountProof of Service | |
| Jun 08 2021 | DISTRIBUTED for Conference of 6/24/2021. |
| Jul 01 2021 | DISTRIBUTED for Conference of 7/1/2021. |
| Jul 02 2021 | Petition GRANTED. |
| Jul 09 2021 | Motion for an extension of time to file the briefs on the merits filed. |
| Main Document | |
| Jul 09 2021 | Blanket Consent filed by Petitioner, David Carson, et al. |
| Blanket Consent | |
| Jul 12 2021 | Motion to extend the time to file the briefs on the merits granted. The time to file the joint appendix and petitioners' brief on the merits is extended to and including September 3, 2021. The time to file respondent's brief on the merits is extended to and including October 22, 2021. |
| Jul 14 2021 | Blanket Consent filed by Respondent, A. Pender Makin |
| Blanket Consent | |
| Sep 03 2021 | Brief of petitioners David Carson, et al. filed. |
| Main DocumentCertificate of Word CountProof of Service | |
| Sep 03 2021 | Joint appendix filed. (Statement of costs filed) |
| Main DocumentProof of Service | |
| Sep 07 2021 | Brief amici curiae of World Faith Foundation, et al. filed. |
| Main DocumentCertificate of Word CountProof of Service | |
| Sep 08 2021 | Brief amicus curiae of American Center for Law and Justice filed. |
| Main DocumentCertificate of Word CountProof of Service | |
| Sep 08 2021 | Brief amicus curiae of Professor Michael W. McConnell filed. |
| Main DocumentCertificate of Word CountProof of Service | |
| Sep 09 2021 | Brief amici curiae of Liberty Justice Center, et al. filed. |
| Main DocumentCertificate of Word CountProof of Service | |
| Sep 09 2021 | Brief amici curiae of Americans for Prosperity Foundation, et al. filed. |
| Main DocumentCertificate of Word CountProof of Service | |
| Sep 09 2021 | Brief amicus curiae of Foundation for Moral Law filed. |
| Main DocumentCertificate of Word CountProof of Service | |
| Sep 10 2021 | Brief amicus curiae of The Becket Fund for Religious Liberty filed. |
| Main DocumentCertificate of Word CountProof of Service | |
| Sep 10 2021 | Brief amicus curiae of Jewish Coalition of Religious Liberty filed. |
| Main DocumentCertificate of Word CountProof of Service | |
| Sep 10 2021 | Brief amicus curiae of Professor Charles L. Glenn filed. |
| Main DocumentCertificate of Word CountProof of Service | |
| Sep 10 2021 | Brief amicus curiae of Members of the United States Senate filed. |
| Main DocumentCertificate of Word CountProof of Service | |
| Sep 10 2021 | Brief amicus curiae of The Buckeye Institute filed. |
| Main DocumentCertificate of Word CountProof of Service | |
| Sep 10 2021 | Brief amicus curiae of Professor Ashley R. Berner filed. |
| Main DocumentCertificate of Word CountProof of Service | |
| Sep 10 2021 | Brief amici curiae of Christian Legal Society, et al., filed. |
| Main DocumentCertificate of Word CountProof of Service | |
| Sep 10 2021 | Brief amicus curiae of Protect the First Foundation filed. |
| Main DocumentCertificate of Word CountProof of Service | |
| Sep 10 2021 | Brief amicus curiae of Freedom X filed. |
| Main DocumentCertificate of Word CountProof of Service | |
| Sep 10 2021 | Brief amicus curiae of Advancing American Freedom filed. |
| Main DocumentCertificate of Word CountProof of Service | |
| Sep 10 2021 | Brief amici curiae of Partnership for Inner-City Education, et al. filed. |
| Main DocumentCertificate of Word CountProof of Service | |
| Sep 10 2021 | Brief amicus curiae of Claremont Institute's Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence filed. |
| Main DocumentCertificate of Word CountProof of Service | |
| Sep 10 2021 | Brief amicus curiae of Pioneer Institute filed. |
| Main DocumentCertificate of Word CountProof of Service | |
| Sep 10 2021 | Brief amicus curiae of Independent Women's Law Center and Independent Women's Forum filed. |
| Main DocumentCertificate of Word CountProof of Service | |
| Sep 10 2021 | Brief amici curiae of Concerned Women for America, et al. filed. |
| Main DocumentCertificate of Word CountProof of Service | |
| Sep 10 2021 | Brief amicus curiae of Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations of America filed. |
| Main DocumentCertificate of Word CountProof of Service | |
| Sep 10 2021 | Brief amici curiae of Innovative Schools filed. |
| Main DocumentCertificate of Word CountProof of Service | |
| Sep 10 2021 | Brief amici curiae of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, et al. filed. |
| Main DocumentCertificate of Word CountProof of Service | |
| Sep 10 2021 | Brief amici curiae of EdChoice, et al. filed. |
| Main DocumentProof of ServiceCertificate of Word Count | |
| Sep 10 2021 | Brief amici curiae of The Southern Christian Leadership Conference - Memphis Chapter, et al. filed. |
| Main DocumentCertificate of Word CountProof of Service | |
| Sep 10 2021 | Brief amici curiae of Arkansas, et al. |
| Main DocumentCertificate of Word CountProof of Service | |
| Sep 10 2021 | Brief amicus curiae of Defense of Freedom Institute for Policy Studies, Inc. filed. |
| Main DocumentCertificate of Word CountProof of Service | |
| Sep 10 2021 | Brief amicus curiae of Hillsdale College filed. |
| Main DocumentProof of ServiceCertificate of Word Count | |
| Sep 10 2021 | Brief amici curiae of National Jewish Commission on Law and Public Affairs (COLPA), et al. filed. |
| Main DocumentCertificate of Word CountProof of Service | |
| Sep 10 2021 | Brief amicus curiae of The Cato Institute filed. |
| Main DocumentCertificate of Word CountProof of Service | |
| Sep 10 2021 | Brief amicus curiae of The Stanley M. Herzog Charitable Foundation filed. |
| Main DocumentCertificate of Word CountProof of Service | |
| Sep 10 2021 | Brief amicus curiae of Georgia Goal Scholarship Program, Inc. filed. |
| Main DocumentCertificate of Word CountProof of Service | |
| Sep 20 2021 | SET FOR ARGUMENT on Wednesday, December 8, 2021. |
| Sep 27 2021 | Record requested from the U.S.C.A. 1st Circuit. |
| Oct 04 2021 | The record from the U.S.C.A. 1st Circuit is electronic and located on Pacer also received is one envelope with the Joint Appendix. |
| Oct 08 2021 | The record from the U.S.D.C. District Court of Maine is electronic and located on Pacer. |
| Oct 22 2021 | Brief of respondent A. Pender Makin filed. |
| Main DocumentCertificate of Word CountProof of Service | |
| Oct 28 2021 | Brief amicus curiae of State of Vermont filed. (Distributed) |
| Main DocumentOtherCertificate of Word CountProof of Service | |
| Oct 29 2021 | CIRCULATED |
| Oct 29 2021 | Brief amici curiae of National School Boards Association, et al. filed. (Distributed) |
| Main DocumentCertificate of Word CountProof of Service | |
| Oct 29 2021 | Brief amici curiae of National Education Association, et al. filed. (Distributed) |
| Main DocumentCertificate of Word CountProof of Service | |
| Oct 29 2021 | Brief amici curiae of Virginia, California, Delaware, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New Mexico, New York, Oregon, Washington, and the District of Columbia filed. (Distributed) |
| Main DocumentCertificate of Word CountProof of Service | |
| Oct 29 2021 | Brief amici curiae of Education and Constitutional Law Scholars filed. (Distributed) |
| Main DocumentCertificate of Word CountProof of Service | |
| Oct 29 2021 | Brief amicus curiae of United States filed. (Distributed) |
| Main DocumentProof of Service | |
| Oct 29 2021 | Brief amicus curiae of Public Funds Public Schools filed. |
| Main DocumentProof of ServiceCertificate of Word Count | |
| Oct 29 2021 | Brief amici curiae of The Freedom From Religion Foundation and Center for Inquiry filed. (Distributed) |
| Main DocumentProof of ServiceCertificate of Word Count | |
| Oct 29 2021 | Brief amicus curiae of American Atheists, Inc. filed. (Distributed) |
| Main DocumentCertificate of Word CountProof of Service | |
| Oct 29 2021 | Brief amici curiae of Advancement Project, et al. filed. (Distributed) |
| Main DocumentCertificate of Word CountProof of Service | |
| Oct 29 2021 | Brief amici curiae of Religious and Civil-Rights Organizations, et al. filed. (Distributed) |
| Main DocumentCertificate of Word CountProof of Service | |
| Oct 29 2021 | Brief amici curiae of Maine School Management Association, et al. filed. (Distributed) |
| Main DocumentCertificate of Word CountProof of Service | |
| Oct 29 2021 | Motion of the Solicitor General for leave to participate in oral argument as amicus curiae, for divided argument, and for enlargement of time for oral argument filed. |
| Proof of ServiceMain Document | |
| Nov 08 2021 | Motion of the Solicitor General for leave to participate in oral argument as amicus curiae, for divided argument, and for enlargement of time for oral argument GRANTED. |
| Nov 22 2021 | Reply of petitioners David Carson, et al. filed. (Distributed) |
| Main DocumentCertificate of Word CountProof of Service | |
| Dec 08 2021 | Argued. For petitioners: Michael Bindas, Seattle, Wash. For respondent: Christopher C. Taub, Chief Deputy Attorney General, Augusta, Me.; and Malcolm L. Stewart, Deputy Solicitor General, Department of Justice, Washington, D. C. (for United States, as amicus curiae.) |
| Jan 28 2022 | Letter from the Commonwealth of Virginia to the Court notifying the Court of the Commonwealth’s change in position filed (Revised letter of 2/18/2022). (Distributed) |
| Main Document | |
| Jun 21 2022 | Judgment REVERSED and case REMANDED. Roberts, C. J., delivered the opinion of the Court, in which Thomas, Alito, Gorsuch, Kavanaugh, and Barrett, JJ., joined. Breyer, J., filed a dissenting opinion, in which Kagan, J., joined, and in which Sotomayor, J., joined as to all but Part I–B. Sotomayor, J., filed a dissenting opinion. |
| NAME | ADDRESS | PHONE |
| Attorneys for Petitioners | ||
| Michael Eugene Bindas Counsel of Record | Institute for Justice 600 University Street Suite 1730 Seattle, WA 98101 mbindas@ij.org | 2069571300 |
| Party name: David Carson, et al. | ||
| Attorneys for Respondent | ||
| Sarah Ann Forster Counsel of Record | Office of the Attorney General 6 State House Station Augusta, ME 04333 sarah.forster@maine.gov | 2076268866 |
| Party name: A. Pender Makin | ||
| Other | ||
| Geoffrey Thomas Blackwell Counsel of Record | American Atheists, Inc. 1201 S. Courthouse Rd. #425 Arlington, VA 22204 legal@atheists.org | (908) 276-7300 |
| Party name: American Atheists, Inc. | ||
| David Boies Counsel of Record | Boies, Schiller & Flexner LLP Boies Schiller Flexner LLP 55 Hudson Yards New York, NY 10001 dboies@bsfllp.com | (914) 749-8200 |
| Party name: Defense of Freedom Institute for Policy Studies, Inc. | ||
| Nicholas Jacob Bronni Counsel of Record | Solicitor General of Arkansas Arkansas Attorney General's Office 323 Center St., Suite 200 Little Rock, AR 72201 nicholas.bronni@arkansasag.gov | 501-682-6302 |
| Party name: The States of Arkansas, Alabama, Arizona, Georgia, Florida, Idaho, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, New Hampshire, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, and West Virginia | ||
| Nicholas Jacob Bronni Counsel of Record | Solicitor General of Arkansas Arkansas Attorney General's Office 323 Center St., Suite 200 Little Rock, AR 72201 nicholas.bronni@arkansasag.gov | 501-682-6302 |
| Party name: States of Arkansas, Alabama, Arizona, Georgia, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, and West Virginia | ||
| Michael Alan Brown Counsel of Record | Nelson Mullins Riley and Scarborough LLP 100 S. Charles Street Suite 1600 Baltimore, MD 21201 mike.brown@nelsonmullins.com | (443) 392-9401 |
| Party name: Education and Constitutional Law Scholars | ||
| Arthur Joseph Burke Counsel of Record | Davis Polk & Wardell LLP 450 Lexington Ave New York, NY 10017 arthur.burke@davispolk.com | 212-450-4352 |
| Party name: The Southern Christian Leadership Conference - Memphis Chapter, Rev. Vernon Horner, Deborah L. Womack, Deacon George Womack, and Rev. Steven Joiner | ||
| John J. Bursch Counsel of Record | Alliance Defending Freedom 440 First Street NW Suite 600 Washington, DC 20001 jbursch@adflegal.org | (616) 450-4235 |
| Party name: Jewish Coalition of Religious Liberty | ||
| Anthony Thomas Caso Counsel of Record | Constitutional Counsel Group 174 W. Lincoln Ave., #620 Anaheim, CA 92805 atcaso@ccg1776.com | 916-601-1916 |
| Party name: Claremont Institute's Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence | ||
| Frederick W. Claybrook Jr. Counsel of Record | Claybrook, LLC 700 Sixth St., NW, Ste. 430 Washington, DC 20001 rick@claybrooklaw.com | 202-250-3833 |
| Party name: Concerned Women for America, et al. | ||
| Frederick W. Claybrook Jr. Counsel of Record | Claybrook, LLC 700 Sixth St., NW, Ste.430 Washington, DC 20001 rick@claybrooklaw.com | 202-250-3833 |
| Party name: National Legal Foundation, et al. | ||
| Kimberlee Wood Colby Counsel of Record | Christian Legal Society 8001 Braddock Rd., Suite 302 Springfield, VA 22151 kcolby@clsnet.org | 703-894-1087 |
| Party name: Christian Legal Society, et al., | ||
| Cynthia Fleming Crawford Counsel of Record | Cause of Action Institute 1310 N. Courthouse Road 7th Floor Arlington, VA 22201 cynthia.crawford@causeofaction.org | 5713292227 |
| Party name: Americans for Prosperity Foundation; Yes. Every Kid. | ||
| Cynthia Fleming Crawford Counsel of Record | Americans for Prosperity Foundation 1310 N. Courthouse Road 7th Floor Arlington, VA 22201 ccrawford@afphq.org | 5713292227 |
| Party name: Americans for Prosperity Foundation and yes. every kid. | ||
| Joshua Daniel Davey Counsel of Record | Troutman Pepper Hamilton Sanders LLP 301 S. College Street 34th Floor Charlotte, NC 28202 jdavey@mcguirewoods.com | (704) 916-1503 |
| Party name: Members of the United States Senate | ||
| Elizabeth Napier Dewar Counsel of Record | Office of the Attorney General One Ashburton Place Boston, MA 02108 bessie.dewar@mass.gov | 617-963-2204 |
| Party name: Massachusetts, California, Delaware, Minnesota, New Mexico, New York, Oregon, Washington, and the District of Columbia | ||
| Dominic Emil Draye Counsel of Record | Greenberg Traurig LLP 2101 L Street, NW Washington, DC 20037 drayed@gtlaw.com | (202) 331-3168 |
| Party name: Professor Ashley R. Berner | ||
| John Allen Eidsmoe Counsel of Record | Foundation for Moral Law One Dexter Avenue Montgomery, AL 36104 eidsmoeja@juno.com | 3342621245 |
| Party name: Foundation for Moral Law | ||
| Patrick C Elliott Counsel of Record | Freedom From Religion Foundation PO BOX 750 Madison, WI 53701 pelliott@ffrf.org | 6082568900 |
| Party name: The Freedom From Religion Foundation and Center for Inquiry | ||
| Andrew Nathan Ferguson Counsel of Record | Virginia Office of the Attorney General 202 North 9th St. Richmond, VA 23219 AFerguson@oag.state.va.us | 8047867704 |
| Party name: Virginia | ||
| Michael Crow Gilleran Counsel of Record | FisherBroyles, LLP 470 Atlantic Avenue Boston, MA 02210 michael.gilleran@fisherbroyles.com | 3392371384 |
| Party name: Pioneer Institute | ||
| Richard Shawn Gunnarson Counsel of Record | Kirton McConkie Key Bank Tower 36 South State Street, Suite 1900 Salt Lake City, UT 84111 sgunnarson@kmclaw.com | 801-323-5907 |
| Party name: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, et al. | ||
| Sarah Michelle Harris Counsel of Record | Williams & Connolly LLP 725 Twelfth Street, N.W. Washington, DC 20005 sharris@wc.com | 202-434-5000 |
| Party name: Professor Charles L. Glenn | ||
| Eric Robert Herlan Counsel of Record | Drummond Woodsum 84 Marginal Way, Suite 600 Portland, ME 04101-2480 erherlan@dwmlaw.com | 207-772-1941 |
| Party name: Maine School Management Association, Maine School Superintendents Association, Maine School Board Assocation | ||
| Leslie Davis Hiner Counsel of Record | EdChoice 111 Monument Circle, Suite 2650 lndianapolis, IN 46204 leslie@edchoice.org | 317-681-0745 |
| Party name: EdChoice and Maine Policy Institute | ||
| James L. Hirsen Counsel of Record | Suite 101 505 S. Villa Real Drive Anaheim Hills, CA 92807 james@jameshirsen.com | (714) 283-8880 |
| Party name: World Faith Foundation and Institute for Faith and Family in Support | ||
| Allyson Ho Counsel of Record | Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP 2100 McKinney Avenue Suite 1100 Dallas, TX 75201 aho@gibsondunn.com | 214-698-3100 |
| Party name: Innovative Schools | ||
| Kirk Christopher Jenkins Counsel of Record | Arnold & Porter Kaye Scholer LLP Three Embarcadero Center 10th Floor San Francisco, CA 94111-4024 kirk.jenkins@arnoldporter.com | 4154713100 |
| Party name: Advancement Project, Journey for Justice Alliance, Alliance for Educational Justice, Gsa Network | ||
| Mitchell Keiter Counsel of Record | Keiter Appellate Law The Beverly Hills Law Building, 424 South Beverly Drive Beverly Hills, CA 90212 mitchell.keiter@gmail.com | 13105538533 |
| Party name: Freedom X | ||
| James Patrick Kelly III Counsel of Record | Solidarity Ctr./Law & Justice 3740 Davinci Court Suite 375 Peachtree Corners, GA 30092 jamespkellyiii@gmail.com | 678-231-1209 |
| Party name: Georgia Goal Scholarship Program, Inc. | ||
| Nathan Lewin Counsel of Record | Lewin & Lewin, LLP 888 17th St. NW, 4th Floor Washington, DC 20006 nat@lewinlewin.com | 2028281000 |
| Party name: National Jewish Commission on Law and Public Affairs (COLPA) | ||
| Jonathan Philip Lienhard Counsel of Record | Holtzman Vogel Baran Torchinsky Josefiak PLLC 15405 John Marshall Hwy Haymarket, VA 20169 jlienhard@holtzmanvogel.com | 15403418808 |
| Party name: The Stanley M. Herzog Charitable Foundation | ||
| Alexander J. Luchenitser Counsel of Record | Americans United for Separation of Church and State 1310 L Street NW Suite 200 Washington, DC 20005 luchenitser@au.org | 202-466-7306 |
| Party name: Religious and Civil-Rights Organizations (Americans United for Separation of Church and State, et al.) | ||
| Michael Hugh McGinley Counsel of Record | Dechert LLP 1900 K Street, NW Washington, DC 20006 michael.mcginley@dechert.com | 202-261-3378 |
| Party name: Brief for Council of Islamic Schools in North America, Partnership for Inner-City Education, and Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations of America | ||
| Michael Hugh McGinley Counsel of Record | Dechert LLP 1900 K Street, NW Washington, DC 20006 michael.mcginley@dechert.com | 202-261-3378 |
| Party name: Partnership for Inner-City Education, Council of Islamic Schools in North America, and National Council of Young Israel | ||
| Russell Charles Menyhart | Taft Stettinius & Hollister 0ne lndiana Square. Ste 3500 lndianapolis, IN 46204 rmenyhart@taftlaw.com | 3177139423 |
| Party name: EdChoice and Maine Policy Institute | ||
| Francisco Maria Negron Jr. Counsel of Record | National School Boards Association 1680 Duke St., FL 2 Alexandria, VA 22314 fnegron@nsba.org | 7038386722 |
| Party name: National School Boards Association et al. | ||
| L. Martin Nussbaum Counsel of Record | Nussbaum Speir Gleason PLLC 2 N. Cascade Avenue Suite 1430 Colorado Springs, CO 80903 martin@nussbaumspeir.com | (719) 428-1919 |
| Party name: Professor Michael W. McConnell | ||
| Larry James Obhof Jr. Counsel of Record | Shumaker, Loop and Kendrick LLP 2400 Huntington Center 41 South High Street Columbus, OH 43215 lobhof@shumaker.com | (614) 628-4433 |
| Party name: The Buckeye Institute | ||
| Elizabeth B. Prelogar | Solicitor General United States Department of Justice 950 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20530-0001 SupremeCtBriefs@USDOJ.gov | 202-514-2217 |
| Party name: United States | ||
| Eric Christopher Rassbach Counsel of Record | The Becket Fund for Religious Liberty 1919 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW Suite 400 Washington, DC 20006 erassbach@becketlaw.org | 2029550095 |
| Party name: The Becket Fund for Religious Liberty | ||
| Ramya Ravindran Counsel of Record | Bredhoff & Kaiser, P.L.L.C. 805 15th Street, N.W. Suite 1000 Washington, DC 20005 rravindran@bredhoff.com | 2028422600 |
| Party name: National Education Association, et al. | ||
| Paul Joseph Ray Counsel of Record | 750 17th St. Northwest, Suite 1000 Washington, DC 20006 pjr@beaufortstrategies.com | 19102809652 |
| Party name: Hillsdale College | ||
| Gene Clayton Schaerr Counsel of Record | Schaerr | Jaffe 1717 K Street NW, Suite 900 Washington, DC 20006 gschaerr@schaerr-jaffe.com | 202-787-1060 |
| Party name: Protect the First Foundation | ||
| Jay Alan Sekulow Counsel of Record | American Center for Law and Justice 201 Maryland Avenue, N.E. Washington, DC 20002 sekulow@aclj.org | 2025468890 |
| Party name: American Center for Law and Justice | ||
| Ilya Shapiro Counsel of Record | Cato Institute 1000 Massachusetts Ave., NW Washington, DC 20001 ishapiro@cato.org | 2028420200 |
| Party name: The Cato Institute | ||
| Matthew Jared Sheehan Counsel of Record | Advancing American Freedom, Inc. 801 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W. Washington, DC 20004 matt@advancingamericanfreedom.com | (570) 294-1039 |
| Party name: Advancing American Freedom | ||
| Richard A. Simpson Counsel of Record | Wiley Rein, LLP 1776 K Street, NW Washington, DC 20006 rsimpson@wiley.law | 202-719-7314 |
| Party name: Public Funds Public Schools | ||
| Daniel Robert Suhr Counsel of Record | Liberty Justice Center 141 W. Jackson St. Suite 1065 Chicago, IL 60604 dsuhr@libertyjusticecenter.org | 312-637-2280 |
| Party name: Liberty Justice Center | ||
| Gordon Dwyer Todd Counsel of Record | Sidley Austin LLP 1501 K Street, N.W. Washington, DC 22305 gtodd@sidley.com | (202) 736-8760 |
| Party name: Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations of America | ||
| Edward Mark Wenger Counsel of Record | Holtzman Vogel Baran Torchinsky & Josefiak PLLC 2300 N Street, NW Suite 643A Washington, DC 20037 emwenger@HoltzmanVogel.com | 2027378808 |
| Party name: Independent Women's Law Center and Independent Women's Forum | ||